Dataset Information

Learning-Induced Gene Expression in the Hippocampus Reveals a Role of Neuron -Astrocyte Metabolic Coupling in Long Term Memory.

ABSTRACT: We examined the expression of genes related to brain energy metabolism and particularly those encoding glia (astrocyte)-specific functions in the dorsal hippocampus subsequent to learning. Context-dependent avoidance behavior was tested in mice using the step-through Inhibitory Avoidance (IA) paradigm. Animals were sacrificed 3, 9, 24, or 72 hours after training or 3 hours after retention testing. The quantitative determination of mRNA levels revealed learning-induced changes in the expression of genes thought to be involved in astrocyte-neuron metabolic coupling in a time dependent manner. Twenty four hours following IA training, an enhanced gene expression was seen, particularly for genes encoding monocarboxylate transporters 1 and 4 (MCT1, MCT4), alpha2 subunit of the Na/K-ATPase and glucose transporter type 1. To assess the functional role for one of these genes in learning, we studied MCT1 deficient mice and found that they exhibit impaired memory in the inhibitory avoidance task. Together, these observations indicate that neuron-glia metabolic coupling undergoes metabolic adaptations following learning as indicated by the change in expression of key metabolic genes.

SUBMITTER: Tadi M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4625956 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Learning-Induced Gene Expression in the Hippocampus Reveals a Role of Neuron -Astrocyte Metabolic Coupling in Long Term Memory.

Tadi Monika M Allaman Igor I Lengacher Sylvain S Grenningloh Gabriele G Magistretti Pierre J PJ

PloS one 20151029 10

We examined the expression of genes related to brain energy metabolism and particularly those encoding glia (astrocyte)-specific functions in the dorsal hippocampus subsequent to learning. Context-dependent avoidance behavior was tested in mice using the step-through Inhibitory Avoidance (IA) paradigm. Animals were sacrificed 3, 9, 24, or 72 hours after training or 3 hours after retention testing. The quantitative determination of mRNA levels revealed learning-induced changes in the expression o ...[more]

PMID: 26513352

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Project description:Purpose: The formation and recall of long term memory (LTM) requires neuron activity induced gene expression. Transcriptome analysis has been used to identify genes that have altered expression after memory acquisition, however, we still have an incomplete picture of the transcriptional changes that are required for LTM formation. The complex spatial and temporal dynamics of memory formation creates significant challenges in defining memory-relevant gene expression changes. The mushroom body (MB) is a signaling hub in the insect brain that integrates sensory information to form memories. Our study looks to further elucidate the transcriptional mechanisms underlying LTM by profiling gene expression changes in nuclei of the MB during a time course of LTM formation. Methods: We isolated and sequenced fly RNA from biologically paired whole head (WH) and mushroom body (MB) nuclei. MB nuclei were isolated using INTACT (isolation of nuclei tagged in a specific cell type). LTM was induced using a seven-hour courtship conditioning protocol. Fly heads were collected one hour and 24-hours after this period of sexual rejection. Samples of naive, socially isolated males were also collected at the same age and time-of-day for comparison. Results and conclusions: We identified more transcriptional changes 1 hour after memory acquisition (WH = 322, MB = 305) than at 24 hours (WH = 20, MB = 24). WH samples showed downregulation of developmental genes and upregulation of sensory response genes. In contrast, MB samples showed vastly different gene expression changes affecting biological processes that are specifically related to LTM. MB-downregulated genes were highly enriched for metabolic function, consistent with the MB-specific energy influx that occurs during LTM formation. MB-upregulated genes were highly enriched for known learning and memory processes, including calcium mediated neurotransmitter release and cAMP signalling. The neuron activity inducible genes hr38 and sr were also specifically induced in the MB. These results highlight the importance of sampling time and cell type in capturing biologically relevant transcriptional changes involved in learning and memory. Our data suggests that MB cells transiently upregulate known memory related pathways after memory acquisition, and provides a critical frame of reference for further investigation into the role MB-specific gene regulation in memory.

Dataset Information

Learning-Induced Gene Expression in the Hippocampus Reveals a Role of Neuron -Astrocyte Metabolic Coupling in Long Term Memory.

Publications

Learning-Induced Gene Expression in the Hippocampus Reveals a Role of Neuron -Astrocyte Metabolic Coupling in Long Term Memory.

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