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The Metabonomic Studies of Tongue Coating in H. pylori Positive Chronic Gastritis Patients.

ABSTRACT: In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), tongue diagnosis (TD) has been an important diagnostic method for the last 3000 years. Tongue coating can be used as a very sensitive marker to determine the progress of chronic gastritis. Therefore, the scientific, qualitative, and quantitative study for the pathophysiologic basis of tongue coating (TC) emerged as a major direction for the objective research of TD. In our current report, we used GC/MS technology to determine the potential changes of metabolites and identify special metabolic biomarkers in the TC of H. pylori infected chronic gastritis patients. Four discriminative metabolites were identified by GC/MS between the TC of H. pylori infection (G + H) and without H. pylori infection (G - H) patients: ethylene, cephaloridine, ?-aminobutyric acid, and 5-pyroglutamic acid, indicating that changes in amino acid metabolism are possibly involved in the formation of TC, and the amino acid metabolites are part of the material components of TC in G + H patients.

SUBMITTER: Liu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4629030 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Metabonomic Studies of Tongue Coating in H. pylori Positive Chronic Gastritis Patients.

Liu Xuan X Sun Zhu-Mei ZM Liu Yan-Na YN Ji Qing Q Sui Hua H Zhou Li-Hong LH Li Fu-Feng FF Li Qi Q

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 20151019

In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), tongue diagnosis (TD) has been an important diagnostic method for the last 3000 years. Tongue coating can be used as a very sensitive marker to determine the progress of chronic gastritis. Therefore, the scientific, qualitative, and quantitative study for the pathophysiologic basis of tongue coating (TC) emerged as a major direction for the objective research of TD. In our current report, we used GC/MS technology to determine the potential changes of metabo ...[more]

PMID: 26557866

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Project description:ObjectiveInfection with Helicobacter pylori (H pylori), especially cytotoxin-associated gene A-positive (CagA+) strains, has been associated with various gastrointestinal and extragastric diseases. The aim of this study was to characterize H pylori-induced alterations in the gastric and tongue coating microbiota and evaluate their potential impacts on human health.DesignThe gastric mucosa and tongue coating specimens were collected from 80 patients with chronic gastritis, and microbiota profiles were generated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Samples were grouped as H pylori negative (n = 32), CagA-negative H pylori infection (n = 13), and CagA-positive H pylori infection (n=35). The comparison of bacterial relative abundance was made using a generalized linear model. Functional profiling of microbial communities was predicted with PICRUSt and BugBase. Microbial correlation networks were produced by utilizing SparCC method.ResultsSignificant alterations of the gastric microbiota were found in the H pylori+/CagA+ samples, represented by a decrease in bacterial diversity, a reduced abundance of Roseburia, and increased abundances of Helicobacter and Haemophilus genera. At the community level, functions involved in biofilm forming, mobile element content, and facultative anaerobiosis were significantly decreased in gastric microbiome of the H pylori+ subjects. The presence of CagA gene was linked to an increased proportion of Gram-negative bacteria in the stomach, thereby contributing to an upregulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis. The number of bacterial interactions was greatly reduced in networks of both tongue coating and gastric microbiota of the H pylori+/CagA+ subject, and the cooperative bacterial interactions dominated the tongue coating microbiome.ConclusionsInfection with H pylori strains possessing CagA may increase the risk of various diseases, by upregulating LPS biosynthesis in the stomach and weakening the defense of oral microbiota against microorganisms with pathogenic potential.

Project description:ObjectiveThe present study aims to investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection on gastric mucosal microbiota in patients with chronic gastritis.MethodsHere recruited a population of 193 patients with both chronic gastritis and positive rapid urease, including 124 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and 69 patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis (nCAG). Immunoblotting was used to detect four serum Hp antibodies (UreA, UreB, VacA and CagA) to determine the types of virulent Hp-I and avirulent Hp-II infections. Gastric microbiota was profiled by 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region, and R software was used to present the relationship between the microbial characteristics and the type of Hp infection.ResultsIn the stomach of patients with Hp-positive gastritis, the dominant gastric bacterial genera included Ralstonia (23.94%), Helicobacter (20.28%), Pseudonocardia (9.99%), Mesorhizobium (9.21%), Bradyrhizobium (5.05%), and Labrys (4.75%). The proportion of Hp-I infection was significantly higher in CAG patients (91.1%) than in nCAG patients (71.0%) (P < 0.001). The gastric microbiota richness index (observed OTUs, Chao) was significantly lower in CAG patients than in nCAG patients (P <0.05). Compared with avirulent Hp-II infection, virulent Hp-I infection significantly decreased the Shannon index in CAG patients (P <0.05). In nCAG patients, Hp-I infected patients had lower abundances of several dominant gastric bacteria (Aliidiomarina, Reyranella, Halomonas, Pseudomonas, Acidovorax) than Hp-II infected patients. Meanwhile, in CAG patients, Hp-I infected patients occupied lower abundances of several dominant oral bacteria (Neisseria, Staphylococcus and Haemophilus) than Hp-II infected patients. In addition, bile reflux significantly promoted the colonization of dominant oral microbiota (Veillonella, Prevotella 7 and Rothia) in the stomach of CAG patients. There was no significant symbiotic relationship between Helicobacter bacteria and non-Helicobacter bacteria in the stomach of nCAG patients, while Helicobacter bacteria distinctly linked with the non-Helicobacter bacteria (Pseudolabrys, Ralstonia, Bradyrhizobium, Mesorhizobium and Variovorax) in CAG patients.ConclusionsVirulent Hp infection alters the gastric microbiota, reduces microbial diversity, and enhances the symbiotic relationship between the Helicobacter bacteria and non-Helicobacter bacteria in patients with chronic gastritis. The data provides new evidence for treating Hp infection by improving the gastric microbiota.

Dataset Information

The Metabonomic Studies of Tongue Coating in H. pylori Positive Chronic Gastritis Patients.

Publications

The Metabonomic Studies of Tongue Coating in H. pylori Positive Chronic Gastritis Patients.

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