Dataset Information

Potential Response to Selection of HSP70 as a Component of Innate Immunity in the Abalone Haliotis rufescens.

ABSTRACT: Assessing components of the immune system may reflect disease resistance. In some invertebrates, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are immune effectors and have been described as potent activators of the innate immune response. Several diseases have become a threat to abalone farming worldwide; therefore, increasing disease resistance is considered to be a long-term goal for breeding programs. A trait will respond to selection only if it is determined partially by additive genetic variation. The aim of this study was to estimate the heritability (h2) and the additive genetic coefficient of variation (CVA) of HSP70 as a component of innate immunity of the abalone Haliotis rufescens, in order to assess its potential response to selection. These genetic components were estimated for the variations in the intracellular (in haemocytes) and extracellular (serum) protein levels of HSP70 in response to an immunostimulant agent in 60 full-sib families of H. rufescens. Levels of HSP70 were measured twice in the same individuals, first when they were young and again when they were pre-harvest adults, to estimate the repeatability (R), the h2 and the potential response to selection of these traits at these life stages. High HSP70 levels were observed in abalones subjected to immunostimulation in both the intracellular and extracellular haemolymph fractions. This is the first time that changes in serum levels of HSP70 have been reported in response to an immune challenge in molluscs. HSP70 levels in both fractions and at both ages showed low h2 and R, with values that were not significantly different from zero. However, HSP70 induced levels had a CVA of 13.3-16.2% in young adults and of 2.7-8.1% in pre-harvest adults. Thus, despite its low h2, HSP70 synthesis in response to an immune challenge in red abalone has the potential to evolve through selection because of its large phenotypic variation and the presence of additive genetic variance, especially in young animals.

SUBMITTER: Brokordt KB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4631488 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Potential Response to Selection of HSP70 as a Component of Innate Immunity in the Abalone Haliotis rufescens.

Brokordt Katherina B KB González Roxana C RC Farías William J WJ Winkler Federico M FM

PloS one 20151103 11

Assessing components of the immune system may reflect disease resistance. In some invertebrates, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are immune effectors and have been described as potent activators of the innate immune response. Several diseases have become a threat to abalone farming worldwide; therefore, increasing disease resistance is considered to be a long-term goal for breeding programs. A trait will respond to selection only if it is determined partially by additive genetic variation. The aim of ...[more]

PMID: 26529324

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Project description:Abalone amyotrophia is a viral disease that causes mass mortality of juvenile Haliotis discus and H. madaka. Although the cause of this disease has yet to be identified, we had previously postulated a novel virus with partial genome sequence similarity to that of African swine fever virus is the causative agent and proposed abalone asfa-like virus (AbALV) as a provisional name. In this study, three species of juvenile abalone (H. gigantea, H. discus discus, and H. diversicolor) and four species of adult abalone (the above three species plus H. discus hannai) were experimentally infected, and their susceptibility to AbALV was investigated by recording mortality, quantitatively determining viral load by PCR, and conducting immunohistological studies. In the infection test using 7-month-old animals, H. gigantea, which was previously reported to be insusceptible to the disease, showed multiplication of the virus to the same extent as in H. discus discus, resulting in mass mortality. H. discus discus at 7 months old showed abnormal cell masses, notches in the edge of the shell and brown pigmentation inside of the shell, which are histopathological and external features of this disease, while H. gigantea did not show any of these characteristics despite suffering high mortality. Adult abalones had low mortality and viral replication in all species; however, all three species, except H. diversicolor, became carriers of the virus. In immunohistological observations, cells positive for viral antigens were detected predominantly in the gills of juvenile H. discus discus and H. gigantea, and mass mortality was observed in these species. In H. diversicolor, neither juvenile nor adult mortality from infection occurred, and the AbALV genome was not increased by experimental infection through cohabitation or injection. Our results suggest that H. gigantea, H. discus discus and H. discus hannai are susceptible to AbALV, while H. diversicolor is not. These results confirmed that AbALV is the etiological agent of abalone amyotrophia.

Project description:The present study was conducted to investigate the roles of ascorbic acid (AA) in immune response, anti-oxidation and apoptosis in abalone (Haliotis discus hannai Ino). Seven semi-purified diets with graded levels of AA (0, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 5000 mg/kg) were fed to abalone (initial weight: 12.01 ± 0.001 g, initial shell length: 48.44 ± 0.069 mm) for 100 days. The survival, weight gain rate and daily increment in shell length were not affected by dietary AA. The AA content in the gill, muscle and digestive glands of abalone was significantly increased by dietary AA. In terms of immunity, dietary AA significantly improved the total hemocyte count, respiratory burst and phagocytic activity in hemolymph, and lysozyme activity in cell-free hemolymph (CFH). In the digestive gland, the TLR-MyD88-dependent and TLR-MyD88-independent signaling pathways were suppressed by dietary AA supplementation. The mRNA levels of β-defensin and arginase-I in the digestive gland were significantly increased by dietary AA. In the gill, only the TLR-MyD88-dependent signaling pathway was depressed by dietary AA to reduce inflammation in abalone. The level of mytimacin 6 in the gill was significantly upregulated by dietary AA. After Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection, the TLR signaling pathway in the digestive gland was suppressed by dietary AA, which reduced inflammation in the abalone. In terms of anti-oxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities, as well as total anti-oxidative capacity and reduced glutathione content in CFH, were all significantly upregulated. The malondialdehyde content was significantly downregulated by dietary AA. The anti-oxidative capacity was improved by triggering the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in abalone. In terms of apoptosis, dietary AA could enhance the anti-apoptosis ability via the JNK-Bcl-2/Bax signaling cascade in abalone. To conclude, dietary AA was involved in regulating immunity, anti-oxidation and apoptosis in abalone.

Dataset Information

Potential Response to Selection of HSP70 as a Component of Innate Immunity in the Abalone Haliotis rufescens.

Publications

Potential Response to Selection of HSP70 as a Component of Innate Immunity in the Abalone Haliotis rufescens.

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