Dataset Information

Genetic structure in village dogs reveals a Central Asian domestication origin.

ABSTRACT: Dogs were the first domesticated species, originating at least 15,000 y ago from Eurasian gray wolves. Dogs today consist primarily of two specialized groups--a diverse set of nearly 400 pure breeds and a far more populous group of free-ranging animals adapted to a human commensal lifestyle (village dogs). Village dogs are more genetically diverse and geographically widespread than purebred dogs making them vital for unraveling dog population history. Using a semicustom 185,805-marker genotyping array, we conducted a large-scale survey of autosomal, mitochondrial, and Y chromosome diversity in 4,676 purebred dogs from 161 breeds and 549 village dogs from 38 countries. Geographic structure shows both isolation and gene flow have shaped genetic diversity in village dog populations. Some populations (notably those in the Neotropics and the South Pacific) are almost completely derived from European stock, whereas others are clearly admixed between indigenous and European dogs. Importantly, many populations--including those of Vietnam, India, and Egypt-show minimal evidence of European admixture. These populations exhibit a clear gradient of short--range linkage disequilibrium consistent with a Central Asian domestication origin.

SUBMITTER: Shannon LM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4640804 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genetic structure in village dogs reveals a Central Asian domestication origin.

Shannon Laura M LM Boyko Ryan H RH Castelhano Marta M Castelhano Marta M Corey Elizabeth E Hayward Jessica J JJ McLean Corin C White Michelle E ME Abi Said Mounir M Anita Baddley A BA Bondjengo Nono Ikombe NI Calero Jorge J Galov Ana A Hedimbi Marius M Imam Bulu B Khalap Rajashree R Lally Douglas D Masta Andrew A Oliveira Kyle C KC Pérez Lucía L Randall Julia J Tam Nguyen Minh NM Trujillo-Cornejo Francisco J FJ Valeriano Carlos C Sutter Nathan B NB Todhunter Rory J RJ Bustamante Carlos D CD Boyko Adam R AR

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20151019 44

Dogs were the first domesticated species, originating at least 15,000 y ago from Eurasian gray wolves. Dogs today consist primarily of two specialized groups--a diverse set of nearly 400 pure breeds and a far more populous group of free-ranging animals adapted to a human commensal lifestyle (village dogs). Village dogs are more genetically diverse and geographically widespread than purebred dogs making them vital for unraveling dog population history. Using a semicustom 185,805-marker genotyping ...[more]

PMID: 26483491

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Project description:The village and street dogs represent a unique model of canine populations. In the absence of selective breeding and veterinary care, they are subject mostly to natural selection. Their analyses contribute to understanding general mechanisms governing the genetic diversity, evolution and adaptation. In this study, we analyzed the genetic diversity and population structure of African village dogs living in villages in three different geographical areas in Northern Kenya. Data obtained for neutral microsatellite molecular markers were compared with those computed for potentially non-neutral markers of candidate immunity-related genes. The neutral genetic diversity was similar to other comparable village dog populations studied so far. The overall genetic diversity in microsatellites was higher than the diversity of European pure breeds, but it was similar to the range of diversity observed in a group composed of many European breeds, indicating that the African population has maintained a large proportion of the genetic diversity of the canine species as a whole. Microsatellite marker diversity indicated that the entire population is subdivided into three genetically distinct, although closely related subpopulations. This genetical partitioning corresponded to their geographical separation and the observed gene flow well correlated with the communication patterns among the three localities. In contrast to neutral microsatellites, the genetic diversity in immunity-related candidate SNP markers was similar across all three subpopulations and to the European group. It seems that the genetic structure of this particular population of Kenyan village dogs is mostly determined by geographical and anthropogenic factors influencing the gene flow between various subpopulations rather than by biological factors, such as genetic contribution of original migrating populations and/or the pathogen-mediated selection. On the other hand, the study of oldest surviving dogs suggested a biological mechanism, i.e. a possible advantage of the overal heterozygosity marked by the the microsatellite loci analyzed.

Dataset Information

Genetic structure in village dogs reveals a Central Asian domestication origin.

Publications

Genetic structure in village dogs reveals a Central Asian domestication origin.

Similar Datasets

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