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Kinetics of Hemagglutination-Inhibiting Antibodies Following Maternal Influenza Vaccination Among Mothers With and Those Without HIV Infection and Their Infants.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:We evaluated the immunogenicity of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3) in pregnant women with and those without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the persistence of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mothers and infants. METHODS:Antibodies were measured before vaccination, 1 month after vaccination, at delivery, and at postpartum week 24 in mothers and within 1 week of birth and at 8, 16, and 24 weeks of age in infants. RESULTS:We enrolled 98 HIV-uninfected and 100 HIV-infected pregnant women, including 93% with a CD4(+) T-cell count of ? 200 cells/µL. Compared with HIV-uninfected women, HIV-infected women had lower seroconversion rates (ranging from 63%-92% vs 36%-40%), lower antibody titers through postpartum week 24, and overlapping antibody half-lives (ranging from 106-121 vs 87-153 days). Infant titers were lower than the maternal titers within 1 week of delivery, regardless of vaccine strain and HIV exposure status. Compared with HIV-unexposed infants, HIV-exposed infants had a similar transplacental influenza virus antibody transfer ratio, lower titers, and a lower frequency of titers ? 1:40 (ranging from 82%-95% vs 43%-79%) at birth and higher antibody half-lives (ranging from 43-45 vs 56-65 days). CONCLUSIONS:Compared with HIV-uninfected pregnant women, HIV-infected pregnant women had lower antibody responses and persistence. Compared with HIV-unexposed infants, HIV-exposed infants had lower antibody levels at birth but similar antibody levels after 8 weeks of life. Early IIV3 administration during pregnancy did not decrease antibody titers among infants at birth.

SUBMITTER: Nunes MC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4655859 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Kinetics of Hemagglutination-Inhibiting Antibodies Following Maternal Influenza Vaccination Among Mothers With and Those Without HIV Infection and Their Infants.

Nunes Marta C MC Cutland Clare L CL Dighero Bonnie B Bate Janie J Jones Stephanie S Hugo Andrea A van Niekerk Nadia N Kuwanda Locadiah L Izu Alane A Weinberg Adriana A Madhi Shabir A SA

The Journal of infectious diseases 20150616 12

<h4>Background</h4>We evaluated the immunogenicity of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3) in pregnant women with and those without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the persistence of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mothers and infants.<h4>Methods</h4>Antibodies were measured before vaccination, 1 month after vaccination, at delivery, and at postpartum week 24 in mothers and within 1 week of birth and at 8, 16, and 24 weeks of age in infants.<h4>Results</h4>We ...[more]

PMID: 26080370

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Project description:INTRODUCTION:Pertussis is an important public health problem worldwide, especially in infants. An increase in the incidence in many countries occurred after 2010, including Brazil. In 2013, dTpa vaccine was introduced in the Brazil national immunization schedule of pregnant women. The objective of this study was to evaluate the national trends in the incidence of pertussis in Brazil in children under 1 year old, and the impact of the introduction of dTpa vaccine during pregnancy. METHODS:The incidence of hospitalizations and non-hospitalized confirmed cases of pertussis in neonates (< 1 month age) and young infants (1 month-< 1 year age) were analyzed, comparing the incidence in pre maternal vaccination (2011-2013) with the post-vaccination (2015-2017). We used non-respiratory hospitalizations as comparison, during the same period. A database of the Brazilian Ministry of Health (DATASUS) was used to analyze cases from 2007 to 2017 and the subsets of 2011-2013 and 2015-2017, after Pertussis resurgence. The vaccination data was accessed through the link of the Information System of the National Immunization Program (pni.datasus.gov.br). RESULTS:Between 2007 and 2017, 17,818 children under one year of age were hospitalized due to pertussis in Brazil. In the pre maternal vaccination period 2011-2013, the mean annual incidence of non-hospitalized confirmed cases of pertussis in children under 1 month was 722.2 / 100,000 and in the period of 2015-2017 the average was 377.3 / 100,000, representing a decrease of 47.7% [IRR 0.52 (0.46-0.59)]. At those periods of time, the average incidence per year for children of one month-< 1 year aged was 64.9 / 100,000 (2011-2013) and 29.3 / 100,000 (2015-2017) [IRR 0.45 (CI 0.29-0.69)]. CONCLUSION:Vaccination of pregnant woman coincides with the reduction in the number of cases of pertussis in children under 1 month of age from 2015. Immunization of pregnant woman seems to have an important impact on the prevention of the disease in young infants who have not yet received their own pertussis vaccine.

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Dataset Information

Kinetics of Hemagglutination-Inhibiting Antibodies Following Maternal Influenza Vaccination Among Mothers With and Those Without HIV Infection and Their Infants.

Publications

Kinetics of Hemagglutination-Inhibiting Antibodies Following Maternal Influenza Vaccination Among Mothers With and Those Without HIV Infection and Their Infants.

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