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Is the relationship between sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic health in adolescents independent of dietary intake? A systematic review.

ABSTRACT: Screen time, but not overall sedentary behaviour, is consistently related to cardiometabolic health in adolescents. Because of the associations screen time has with dietary intake, diet may be an important factor in the screen time and health relationship; however, evidence has not previously been synthesized. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to explore whether the associations between various sedentary behaviours and cardiometabolic risk markers are independent of dietary intake in adolescents. Online databases and personal libraries were searched for peer-reviewed original research articles published in English before March 2014. Included studies assessed associations between sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic markers in 12- to 18-year-olds and adjusted for dietary intake. Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. From the 21 studies examining sedentary behaviour and adiposity, the majority found significant positive associations between television viewing, screen time and self-reported overall sedentary behaviour with markers of adiposity, independent of dietary intake. No significant associations between screen time with blood pressure and cholesterol were reported. Sedentary behaviour appears to be associated with adiposity in adolescents, irrespective of dietary intake. However, the variability of dietary variables between studies suggests further work is needed to understand the role of dietary intake when examining these associations in youth.

SUBMITTER: Fletcher E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4657480 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Is the relationship between sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic health in adolescents independent of dietary intake? A systematic review.

Fletcher E E Leech R R McNaughton S A SA Dunstan D W DW Lacy K E KE Salmon J J

Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity 20150622 9

Screen time, but not overall sedentary behaviour, is consistently related to cardiometabolic health in adolescents. Because of the associations screen time has with dietary intake, diet may be an important factor in the screen time and health relationship; however, evidence has not previously been synthesized. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to explore whether the associations between various sedentary behaviours and cardiometabolic risk markers are independent of dietary intake in a ...[more]

PMID: 26098509

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Project description:BACKGROUND:With approximately 8 hours of one's waking day spent at work, occupational tasks and environments are important influencers on an individual's physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviours. Little research has compared device-measured physical activity, sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic outcomes between occupational groups. OBJECTIVE:To compare device-measured movement (sedentary time [ST], light intensity physical activity [LPA], moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity [MVPA], and steps) across occupations. The secondary objective was to examine whether cardiometabolic and fitness outcomes differed by occupation. METHODS:Five bibliographic databases were searched to identify all studies which included working age, employed adults from high-income countries, and reported on device-measured movement within occupations. Risk of bias within and across studies was assessed. Results were synthesized using meta-analyses and narrative syntheses. RESULTS:The review includes 132 unique studies with data from 15,619 participants. Working adults spent ~ 60% of their working and waking time engaged in sedentary behaviour; a very small proportion (~ 4%) of the day included MVPA. On average, workers accumulated 8124 steps/day. Office and call center workers' steps/day were among the lowest, while those of postal delivery workers were highest. Office workers had the greatest ST and the lowest time in LPA both at work and during wakeful time. However, office workers had the greatest minutes sent in MVPA during wakeful hours. Laborers had the lowest ST and spent a significantly greater proportion of their work time in LPA and MVPA. Healthcare and protective services workers had higher levels of LPA at work compared to other occupations. Workers in driving-based occupations tended to have a higher body mass index and blood pressure. CONCLUSION:This review identifies that occupational and wakeful time PA and ST differed between occupations. Future studies are needed to assess whether patterns differ by age and sex, describe leisure-time movement and movement patterns, and the relationship with cardiometabolic health. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION:PROSPERO CRD42017070448 .

Project description:IntroductionThis study examines the dose-response relationship between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and cardiometabolic measures in adolescents.MethodsCross-sectional spline analyses were performed using 2003-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data among adolescents (aged 12-19 years, N=9,195) on objectively measured (2003-2006) and self-reported (2007-2016) weekly mean minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and cardiometabolic measures (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, BMI, and cardiorespiratory fitness). Inflection points were determined for nonlinear relationships.ResultsFor objective moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, female adolescents had significant nonlinear associations with inflection points at 90 minutes/week for BMI percentile and systolic blood pressure. Male adolescents had inflection points at 150 weekly minutes of objective activity for BMI percentile and cardiorespiratory fitness. BMI percentile was about 7% lower for female and male adolescents at 150 weekly minutes of objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity than at 0 minutes. For self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, inflection points were at 375 minutes/week (diastolic blood pressure for female adolescents) and 500 minutes/week (systolic blood pressure for male adolescents).ConclusionsAmong several significant dose-response relationships between physical activity and cardiometabolic health in adolescents, consistent and often nonlinear relationships were identified for BMI, with inflection points at 90-150 minutes of objective moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Notable differences in associations and linearity were identified by sex and physical activity measure (objective or self-reported). These results support calls for any increase in physical activity among adolescents and suggest that recommendations closer to the adult guidelines of 150 weekly minutes of physical activity may be health promoting and more attainable for youth than the current recommendation of 420 weekly minutes.

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Is the relationship between sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic health in adolescents independent of dietary intake? A systematic review.

Publications

Is the relationship between sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic health in adolescents independent of dietary intake? A systematic review.

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