Dataset Information

Rhythm and Attention: Does the Beat Position of a Visual or Auditory Regular Pulse Modulate T2 Detection in the Attentional Blink?

ABSTRACT: The attentional blink (AB) is one impressive demonstration of limited attentional capacities in time: a second target (T2) is often missed when it should be detected within 200-600 ms after a first target. According to the dynamic attending theory, attention cycles oscillatory. Regular rhythms (i.e., pulses) should evoke expectations regarding the point of the next occurrence of a tone/element in the rhythm. At this point, more attentional resources should be provided. Thus, if rhythmic information can be used to optimize attentional release, we assume a modulation of the AB when an additional rhythm is given. We tested this idea in two experiments with a visual (Experiment 1) or an auditory (Experiment 2) rhythm. We found large AB effects. However, the rhythm did not modulate the AB. If the rhythm had an influence at all, then Experiment 2 showed that an auditory rhythm (or stimulus) falling on T2 might generally boost visual processing, irrespective of attentional resources as indexed by the AB paradigm. Our experiments suggest that oscillatory cycling attention does not affect temporal selection as tapped in the AB paradigm.

SUBMITTER: Bermeitinger C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4664834 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Rhythm and Attention: Does the Beat Position of a Visual or Auditory Regular Pulse Modulate T2 Detection in the Attentional Blink?

Bermeitinger Christina C Frings Christian C

Frontiers in psychology 20151201

The attentional blink (AB) is one impressive demonstration of limited attentional capacities in time: a second target (T2) is often missed when it should be detected within 200-600 ms after a first target. According to the dynamic attending theory, attention cycles oscillatory. Regular rhythms (i.e., pulses) should evoke expectations regarding the point of the next occurrence of a tone/element in the rhythm. At this point, more attentional resources should be provided. Thus, if rhythmic informat ...[more]

PMID: 26648899

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Project description:The human and dog have sinus arrhythmia; however, the beat-to-beat interval changes were hypothesized to be different. Geometric analyses (R-R interval tachograms, dynamic Poincaré plots) to examine rate changes on a beat-to-beat basis were analyzed along with time and frequency domain heart rate variability from 40 human and 130 canine 24-h electrocardiographic recordings. Humans had bell-shaped beat-interval distributions, narrow interval bands across time with continuous interval change and linear changes in rate. In contrast, dogs had skewed non-singular beat distributions, wide interval bands {despite faster average heart rate of dogs [mean (range); 81 (64-119)] bpm compared to humans [74.5 (59-103) p = 0.005]} with regions displaying a paucity of intervals (zone of avoidance) and linear plus non-linear rate changes. In the dog, dynamic Poincaré plots showed linear rate changes as intervals prolonged until a point of divergence from the line of identity at a mean interval of 598.5 (95% CI: 583.5-613.5) ms (bifurcation interval). The dog had bimodal beat distribution during sleep with slower rates and greater variability than during active hours that showed singular interval distributions, higher rates and less variability. During sleep, Poincaré plots of the dog had clustered or branched patterns of intervals. A slower rate supported greater parasympathetic modulation with a branched compared to the clustered distribution. Treatment with atropine eliminated the non-linear patterns, while hydromorphone shifted the bifurcated branching and beat clustering to longer intervals. These results demonstrate the unique non-linear nature of beat-to-beat variability in the dog compared to humans with increases in interval duration (decrease heart rate). These results provoke the possibility that changes are linear with a dominant sympathetic modulation and non-linear with a dominant parasympathetic modulation. The abrupt bifurcation, zone of avoidance and beat-to-beat patterning are concordant with other studies demonstrating the development of exit block from the sinus node with parasympathetic modulation influencing not only the oscillation of the pacing cells, but conduction to the atria. Studies are required to associate the in vivo sinus node beat patterns identified in this study to the mapping of sinus impulse origin and exit from the sinus node.

Dataset Information

Rhythm and Attention: Does the Beat Position of a Visual or Auditory Regular Pulse Modulate T2 Detection in the Attentional Blink?

Publications

Rhythm and Attention: Does the Beat Position of a Visual or Auditory Regular Pulse Modulate T2 Detection in the Attentional Blink?

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