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Outcomes from a computer-assisted intervention simultaneously targeting cannabis and tobacco use.

ABSTRACT: Cannabis users frequently report concurrent tobacco use, and tobacco use is associated with poorer outcomes during treatment for cannabis use disorders (CUD). Interventions that simultaneously target both tobacco and cannabis use disorders may enhance cessation outcomes for either or both substances.This study evaluated an intervention integrating highly effective treatments for cannabis and tobacco use disorders. Thirty-two participants meeting diagnostic criteria for CUD and reporting daily tobacco use were enrolled in a 12-week computer-assisted behavioral treatment for CUD. Participants were encouraged to participate in a tobacco intervention that included a computer-assisted behavioral treatment tailored for tobacco and cannabis co-users, and nicotine-replacement therapy (NRT). Cannabis and tobacco outcomes were evaluated using descriptive statistics and were compared to a historical control group that received treatment for CUD but not tobacco.Participants achieved 3.6±4.3 consecutive weeks of cannabis abstinence, which was comparable to the historical control group (3.1±4.4). A majority of the sample (78%) completed at least one tobacco module and 44% initiated NRT. Over half (56%) initiated tobacco quit attempts, and 28% were tobacco abstinent for at least two consecutive weeks. Participants showed greater reduction in tobacco use (cigarettes per day) than the historical control group, but differences in tobacco abstinence rates during the final month of treatment were not statistically significant (12.5% vs. 4%).Findings suggest that providing a tobacco intervention during treatment for CUD is feasible and may positively impact tobacco use without negatively affecting cannabis use outcomes.

SUBMITTER: Lee DC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4671818 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Outcomes from a computer-assisted intervention simultaneously targeting cannabis and tobacco use.

Lee Dustin C DC Budney Alan J AJ Brunette Mary F MF Hughes John R JR Etter Jean-Francois JF Stanger Catherine C

Drug and alcohol dependence 20150810

<h4>Background</h4>Cannabis users frequently report concurrent tobacco use, and tobacco use is associated with poorer outcomes during treatment for cannabis use disorders (CUD). Interventions that simultaneously target both tobacco and cannabis use disorders may enhance cessation outcomes for either or both substances.<h4>Methods</h4>This study evaluated an intervention integrating highly effective treatments for cannabis and tobacco use disorders. Thirty-two participants meeting diagnostic crit ...[more]

PMID: 26307942

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Project description:BackgroundSeveral evidence-based tobacco cessation treatment strategies exist, though significant barriers to cessation remain which must be addressed to improve abstinence rates for sub-populations of those smoking cigarettes. Cannabis co-use among those who use tobacco is common and appears to be increasing among adults in the United States (US). The literature evaluating the impact of cannabis use on tobacco cessation has been mixed and has several important limitations, which precludes development of treatment recommendations specific to individuals who use tobacco and co-use cannabis. To date, no prospective studies have evaluated the impact of cannabis use and severity on tobacco cessation or quantified cannabis use changes during tobacco treatment to assess for concurrent reductions, abstinence, or compensatory (i.e., increased) cannabis use. This study's aims are to: (1) evaluate tobacco cessation outcomes among participants who co-use cannabis compared to participants only using tobacco, (2) using daily diaries and biochemical verification, assess changes in cannabis use during tobacco treatment, and (3) assess for a dose-dependent impact of cannabis use on tobacco cessation.MethodA multi-site, prospective, quasi-experimental 12-week tobacco treatment trial enrolling treatment-seeking adults (ages 18-40; N = 208) from three sites across South Carolina (US) who use tobacco daily and oversampling (2:1) those who co-use cannabis. Participants receive tobacco cessation pharmacotherapy (varenicline) paired with behavioral support, while cannabis use is not addressed as part of treatment. The primary outcome is 7-day point prevalence tobacco abstinence at the week 12 end of treatment visit, measured via biochemical verification and self-report. Secondary outcome measures include changes in cannabis use (via biochemical verification and self-report) during tobacco cessation treatment.DiscussionResults from this trial have the potential to inform tobacco treatment among those co-using cannabis, which may require a tailored approach to address the role of cannabis in quitting tobacco.Trial registrationThe trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04228965. January 14th, 2020.

Dataset Information

Outcomes from a computer-assisted intervention simultaneously targeting cannabis and tobacco use.

Publications

Outcomes from a computer-assisted intervention simultaneously targeting cannabis and tobacco use.

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