Hunter Island Group Phlebovirus in Ticks, Australia.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Gauci PJ
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4672409 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Recently discovered tick-borne phleboviruses have been associated with severe disease and death among persons in Asia and the United States. We report the discovery of a novel tick phlebovirus in Tasmania State, Australia, that is closely related to those zoonotic viruses found in Asia and North America.
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Tick-borne phenuivirus (TBPVs) comprise human and animal viruses that can cause a variety of clinical syndromes ranging from self-limiting febrile illness to fatal haemorrhagic fevers. OBJECTIVE:Detect Phlebovirus (Family Phenuiviridae) in ticks collected from domestic animals in Córdoba, Colombia. METHODS:We collected 2365 ticks from domestic animals in three municipalities of the Department of Cordoba, Colombia in 2016. Ticks were identified and pooled by species for RNA extraction. A nested real-time PCR with specific primers for Phlebovirus and a specific probe for Heartland virus (HRTV) formerly a Phlebovirus, now a Banyangvirus were performed. Also, a conventional nested PCR, with the same specific primers was used to detect other Phleboviruses, with positive reactions indicated by an amplified cDNA fragment of approximately 244?bp determined by gel electrophoresis. These bands were gel-purified and sequenced by the Sanger method. RESULTS:Using real-time RT-PCR, no positive results for HRTV were found. However, using conventional nested PCR 2.2% (5/229 pools) yielded a product of 244?bp. One positive sample was detected in a pool of Dermacentor nitens ticks collected from a horse, and the four remaining positive pools were from Rhipicephalus microplus collected from cattle. The five positive nucleotide sequences had identities of 93 to 96% compared to a section of the L-segment of Lihan Tick virus, a Phlebovirus originally detected in R. microplus ticks in China. The strongest identity (96-99%) was with Lihan Tick virus detected in R. microplus ticks from Brazil. CONCLUSIONS:This is the first report of viral detection in ticks in Colombia. We detected a Colombian strain of Lihan Tick virus. We recommend expanding the sampling area and carrying out more eco-epidemiological studies related to epidemiological surveillance of viruses on ticks in Colombia.
| S-EPMC7201772 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The beetles (Coleoptera) of Lizard Island group, a complex of small granitic islands on the Great Barrier Reef, have never been systematically assessed. In April 2019, we conducted the first survey of the island group across different micro-habitats. We specifically aimed to determine which beetle families are the most diverse, and how beetle diversity varies across the island group. We sampled several sites on seven large collection areas using a variety of methods: pitfall traps, beating sheet, sifting leaf litter, and active night and day collection. Our sampling yielded 108 beetle morphospecies representing at least 21 families. The most diverse families on Lizard Island group were Curculionidae, Carabidae, Scarabaeidae, Tenebrionidae, and Cerambycidae, in general accordance with global patterns in Coleoptera diversity. The families Chrysomelidae, Staphylinidae, and Buprestidae were found to be proportionally less diverse on the island group than on mainland Australia, though Australia as a whole is of limited value as a reference. Beetle diversity varied across both large-scale collection areas and small-scale collection sites on Lizard Island group. As expected, greater habitat complexity and vegetation diversity corresponded with greater beetle diversity, though these patterns might be biased due to the temporal and spatial limits of our sampling. We hope this preliminary survey will facilitate further research on Lizard Island group, taking advantage of the research facilities on the island and the possibility of establishing long-term studies.
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Project description:We report 3 rickettsioses on Darnley Island, Australia, in the Torres Strait. In addition to previously described cases of Flinders Island spotted fever (Rickettsia honei strain "marmionii"), we describe 1 case of Queensland tick typhus (R. australis) and 2 cases of scrub typhus caused by a unique strain (Orientia tsutsugamushi).
| S-EPMC2878210 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Ticks are blood-sucking arthropods that can transmit pathogens to their host. As insular ecosystems can enhance tick-host interactions, this study aimed to understand tick diversity, pathogen presence, and their respective associations in the Azores and Madeira archipelagos. Unfed or partially engorged ticks (n = 120) were collected from 58 cats and dogs in the Azores (n = 41 specimens) and Madeira (n = 79 specimens) from November 2018 to March 2019. Vector identification was based on morphology and molecular criteria. For pathogen sequencing, 18S gene fragment for Babesia/Hepatozoon and gltA for Rickettsia were performed. Sequence data was explored using BLAST and BLAST and phylogenetic inference tools. In the Azores, Ixodes hexagonus, I. ventalloi, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (n = 6; 14.6%, n = 6; 14.6%, and n = 29; 70.7% respectively) were found and in Madeira I. ricinus and R. sanguineus (n = 78, 98.7%; and n = 1, 1.3%; respectively) were identified. Tick COI markers confirmed species highlighting confirmation of R. sanguineus s.s. and genotype A of I. ventalloi. In the Azores Islands, the detected Rickettsia massiliae was linked to R. sanguineus (dogs and cats) and I. hexagonus (dogs), and in Madeira Island, R. monacensis (dogs) and Hepatozoon silvestris (cats) were found associated with I. ricinus. Further, I. ventalloi presence in the Azores expands west its known range, and Hepatozoon silvestris in Madeira may suggest that I. ricinus could have a role as a potential vector. Finally, as R. massiliae and R. monacensis presence underlines public health risks, surveillance by health authorities is crucial as pathogen-tick interactions may drive disease spread, therefore monitoring remains pivotal for disease prevention.
| S-EPMC11226517 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Torrens Island, South Australia, soil core Targeted loci environmental
| PRJNA749388 | ENA
Project description:Ticks are important vectors of a broad range of pathogens in Australia. Many tick species are morphologically similar and are therefore difficult to identify using morphology alone, particularly when collected in the larval and nymphal life stages. We report here the application of molecular methods to examine the species diversity of ixodid ticks at two sites in southern New South Wales, Australia. Our taxon sampling included six morphologically characterised adult stage voucher specimens of Ixodes trichosuri, Ixodes tasmani, Ixodes fecialis and Ixodes holocyclus (the paralysis tick) and ~250 field collected specimens that were in the larva or nymph stage and thus not morphologically identifiable. One nuclear and two mitochondrial amplicons were sequenced using a combination of Sanger and Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Phylogenetic relationships were estimated using both maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. Two clades with strong bootstrap and Bayesian support were observed across trees estimated from each of three markers and from an analysis of the concatenated sequences. One voucher specimen of I. trichosuri was located in one of these clades, while the other I. trichosuri voucher specimen was in a second clade with the remaining three identified species, suggesting these morphologically similar ticks may represent different cryptic species. Unidentified specimens were found across both clades, and molecular divergence of many of these is equal to or greater than that observed between identified species, suggesting additional unidentified species may exist. Further studies are required to understand the taxonomic status of ticks in Australia, and how this species diversity impacts disease risk for livestock, domestic animals, wildlife and humans.
| S-EPMC6706653 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Evolutionary insights into the phleboviruses are limited because of an imprecise classification scheme based on partial nucleotide sequences and scattered antigenic relationships. In this report, the serologic and phylogenetic relationships of the Uukuniemi group viruses and their relationships with other recently characterized tick-borne phleboviruses are described using full-length genome sequences. We propose that the viruses currently included in the Uukuniemi virus group be assigned to five different species as follows: Uukuniemi virus, EgAn 1825-61 virus, Fin V707 virus, Chizé virus, and Zaliv Terpenia virus would be classified into the Uukuniemi species; Murre virus, RML-105-105355 virus, and Sunday Canyon virus would be classified into a Murre virus species; and Grand Arbaud virus, Precarious Point virus, and Manawa virus would each be given individual species status. Although limited sequence similarity was detected between current members of the Uukuniemi group and Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) and Heartland virus, a clear serological reaction was observed between some of them, indicating that SFTSV and Heartland virus should be considered part of the Uukuniemi virus group. Moreover, based on the genomic diversity of the phleboviruses and given the low correlation observed between complement fixation titers and genetic distance, we propose a system for classification of the Bunyaviridae based on genetic as well as serological data. Finally, the recent descriptions of SFTSV and Heartland virus also indicate that the public health importance of the Uukuniemi group viruses must be reevaluated.
| S-EPMC3592153 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To explore increased risk for human Rickettsia spp. infection in Germany, we investigated recreational areas and renatured brown coal surface-mining sites (also used for recreation) for the presence of spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks. R. raoultii (56.7%), R. slovaca (13.3%), and R. helvetica (>13.4%) were detected in the respective tick species.
| S-EPMC3321775 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A total of 370 ticks, encompassing 7 species from 4 genera, were collected during 2002-2006 from domestic animals and vegetation in the Taza region of northeastern Morocco. Rickettsial DNA was identified in 101 ticks (27%) by sequencing PCR products of fragments of the citrate synthase and outer membrane protein genes of Rickettsia spp. Seven rickettsiae of the spotted fever group were identified, including 4 pathogens: R. aeschlimannii in Hyalomma marginatum marginatum, R. massiliae in Rhipicephalus sanguineus, R. slovaca in Dermacentor marginatus, and R. monacensis in Ixodes ricinus. Two suspected pathogens were also detected (R. raoultii in D. marginatus and R. helvetica in I. ricinus). An incompletely described Rickettsia sp. was detected in Haemaphysalis spp. ticks.
| S-EPMC2600325 | biostudies-literature