Project description:Onchocerca lupi infection is reported primarily in symptomatic dogs. We aimed to determine the infection in dogs from areas of Greece and Portugal with reported cases. Of 107 dogs, 9 (8%) were skin snip-positive for the parasite. DNA sequences of parasites in specimens from distinct dog populations differed genetically from those in GenBank.
Project description:LupiQuant: A Real-Time PCR based assay for determining host-to-parasite DNA ratios of Onchocerca lupi and host Canis lupus from onchocercosis samples.
Project description:Biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) as putative vectors of zoonotic Onchocerca lupi (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) in Northern Arizona and New Mexico, southwestern United States
Project description:IntroductionOnchocerca lupi is a zoonotic parasite of carnivores reported in countries from Europe, North America, Asia and Africa. In Romania, canine ocular onchocercosis was first reported in dogs in 2016 from Târgovişte (Dâmboviţa County) and Oneşti (Bacău County) and more recently, it was detected in an adult stray dog exported to UK from an unspecified location in Romania.MethodsA 4-years old male mongrel dog was referred to a private veterinary clinic in Năvodari (Constanţa County), Romania due to ocular disorders. The dog was originally from a public dog shelter in Balş (Olt County) and transferred in June 2020 to a dog shelter in Medgidia (Constanţa County). A cytological examination followed by surgical removal of the granuloma localized at the internal angle of the right eye, and molecular identification of the extracted nematode were done.ResultsThe cytological examination confirmed a parasitic granuloma. Skin biopsy and PCR confirmed the infection with O. lupi. Two doses of moxidectin and imidacloprid were administered after the surgery. No relapse observed after a period of follo-up of 11 months.ConclusionOnchocerca lupi is present in dogs from Romania with its actual distribution remaining unknown.
Project description:BACKGROUND: Onchocerca lupi is a dog parasite of increasing zoonotic concern, with new human cases diagnosed in Turkey, Tunisia, Iran, and the United States. Information about the morphology of this nematode is scant and a detailed re-description of this species is overdue. In addition, histopathological data of potential usefulness for the identification of O. lupi infections are provided. METHODS: Male and female nematodes, collected from the connective tissue of a dog, were examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and an histological evaluation was performed on biopsy samples from periocular tissues. RESULTS: The morphological identification was confirmed by molecular amplification and partial sequencing of cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene. This study provides the first comprehensive morphological and morphometric description of O. lupi from a dog based on light microscopy, SEM, molecular characterization, and histological observations. CONCLUSIONS: Data herein presented contribute to a better understanding of this little known parasitic zoonosis, whose impact on human and animal health is still underestimated. The presence of granulomatous reactions only around the female adult suggests that the release of microfilariae from the uterus might be the cause of the inflammatory reaction observed.
Project description:Infections with Onchocerca lupi nematodes are diagnosed sporadically in the United States. We report 8 cases of canine onchocercosis in Minnesota, New Mexico, Colorado, and Florida. Identification of 1 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene haplotype identical to 1 of 5 from Europe suggests recent introduction of this nematode into the United States.
Project description:The Onchocerca lupi nematode infects dogs, cats, and humans, but whether it can be spread by coyotes has been unknown. We conducted surveillance for O. lupi nematode infection in coyotes in the southwestern United States. We identified multiple coyote populations in Arizona and New Mexico as probable reservoirs for this species.