Dataset Information

Duration of Untreated Psychosis and Brain Function during Verbal Fluency Testing in First-Episode Schizophrenia: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study.

ABSTRACT: A longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) has been associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with schizophrenia (SZ); however, it remains unclear whether this is due to neurotoxic effects of psychosis. The purpose of this study was to use near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to investigate the influence of DUP on brain function using two verbal fluency tests (VFTs) in patients with first-episode SZ (FES). A total of 28 FES patients and 29 healthy controls (HC) underwent NIRS during VFTs. Group comparisons of cortical activity were made using two-tailed t-tests and the false discovery rate method. We then examined the associations between DUP and hemodynamic changes in each channel to identify any effects of DUP on brain cortical activity. During the letter VFT, the HC group exhibited significantly greater cortical activations over bilateral frontotemporal regions compared to FES patients. However, this distinction was not observed while performing a category version of the VFT. In addition, no associations between DUP and brain cortical activity were observed in the FES group during either VFT. In conclusion, we did not find an association between DUP and frontotemporal cortical activities. This might be because neurodevelopmental disturbances result in neurocognitive deficits long before psychotic symptoms onset.

SUBMITTER: Chou PH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4674798 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Duration of Untreated Psychosis and Brain Function during Verbal Fluency Testing in First-Episode Schizophrenia: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study.

Chou Po-Han PH Lin Wei-Hao WH Lin Chih-Chien CC Hou Po-Hsun PH Li Wan-Rung WR Hung Chia-Chun CC Lin Ching-Po CP Lan Tsuo-Hung TH Chan Chin-Hong CH

Scientific reports 20151210

A longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) has been associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with schizophrenia (SZ); however, it remains unclear whether this is due to neurotoxic effects of psychosis. The purpose of this study was to use near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to investigate the influence of DUP on brain function using two verbal fluency tests (VFTs) in patients with first-episode SZ (FES). A total of 28 FES patients and 29 healthy controls (HC) underwent NIRS during VF ...[more]

PMID: 26656662

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Project description:ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the activation of frontotemporal functional brain areas in patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) during a Verbal Fluency Task (VFT), and to compare their brain functional connectivity in a resting state with that of healthy controls. The goal is to deepen our understanding of the neuropathological mechanisms underlying OCD.Methods32 patients with OCD and 32 controls matched for age, gender, handedness, and years of education participated in this study, they were divided into OCD group and healthy comtrol group. We conducted VFT task tests and 10-minute resting state tests on both groups by using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). The VFT was utilized to assess the activation (beta values) and the integral and centroid values of the frontal and bilateral temporal lobes, including brain areas BA9 and 46 (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex), BA10 (frontal pole), BA45 (inferior frontal gyrus), BA21 (middle temporal gyrus), and BA22 (superior temporal gyrus). We evaluated the functional connectivity levels of these areas during the resting state. Differences in these measures between OCD patients and healthy controls were analyzed using two-sample independent t-tests and non-parametric Mann-Whitney U tests.ResultsDuring VFT, OCD had smaller integral values(z=5.371, p<0.001; t=4.720, p<0.001), and larger centroid values(t=-2.281, p=0.026; z=-2.182, p=0.029) compared to healthy controls, along with a reduced number of activated channels detected by fNIRS. Additionally, activation values (β) in various functional brain areas, including BA9, BA46, BA10, BA45, BA21, and BA22, were significantly lower in the OCD group (all p< 0.01). In the resting state, notable disparities in functional connectivity were observed between the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in the OCD group, in comparison to the control group. Specifically, there was a significant increase in connectivity between the left IFG and right DLPFC, suggesting the presence of altered connectivity patterns in these areas.ConclusionsThe study highlights significant disparities in neural activation and functional connectivity between OCD patients and healthy controls during VFT. Specifically, reduced activation was noted in the frontal and bilateral temporal lobes of OCD patients, alongside alterations in resting-state functional connectivity between the IFG and DLPFC. These findings contribute to our understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of OCD and may guide future therapeutic strategies.

Dataset Information

Duration of Untreated Psychosis and Brain Function during Verbal Fluency Testing in First-Episode Schizophrenia: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study.

Publications

Duration of Untreated Psychosis and Brain Function during Verbal Fluency Testing in First-Episode Schizophrenia: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study.

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