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Nutritional Supplementation with Essential Amino Acids and Phytosterols May Reduce Risk for Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease in Overweight Individuals with Mild Hyperlipidemia.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance are risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. We have previously observed that supplementation with essential amino acids (EAA) could lower plasma triglycerides, and may improve glucose metabolism. OBJECTIVE:We sought to determine whether EAA's combined with whey protein and phytosterols would facilitate improvements in plasma lipids and insulin sensitivity in adults with mild hypertriglyceridemia. DESIGN:We enrolled nine subjects who were 50 years or older, had a documented plasma TG >150 mg/dl, and had not recently taken statin medications (within 6 weeks). Each subject served as his or her own control. These individuals underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after four weeks consumption of the oral nutritional supplement without dietary counseling or recommendations for physical activity. RESULTS:Plasma total cholesterol and LDL levels decreased in all nine volunteers (P<0.005 for cholesterol and P<0.02 for LDL). In six of these individuals, plasma triglycerides (TG) fell by 95±13 mg/dl (P=0.007); while the other three showed no TG reduction. Genotyping revealed that in two of the three individuals that did not have TG reduction in response to the nutritional supplementation. Insulin sensitivity (ISI) and the total AUCins/glucose were significantly reduced by leucine/EAAs and phytosterol supplementation (P=0.008). CONCLUSIONS:These findings suggest that a dietary supplementation of EAAs and phytosterols may promote favorable reductions of blood lipids as well as insulin resistance in individuals with hypertriglyceridemia. Future larger studies of SNPs and TG response to dietary supplements will be of interest.

SUBMITTER: Coker RH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4696774 | biostudies-literature | 2015

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Nutritional Supplementation with Essential Amino Acids and Phytosterols May Reduce Risk for Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease in Overweight Individuals with Mild Hyperlipidemia.

Coker Robert H RH Deutz Nicolaas E NE Schutzler Scott S Beggs Marjorie M Miller Sharon S Wolfe Robert R RR Wei Jeanne J

Journal of endocrinology, diabetes & obesity 20150415 2

<h4>Background</h4>Hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance are risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. We have previously observed that supplementation with essential amino acids (EAA) could lower plasma triglycerides, and may improve glucose metabolism.<h4>Objective</h4>We sought to determine whether EAA's combined with whey protein and phytosterols would facilitate improvements in plasma lipids and insulin sensitivity in adults with mild hypertriglyceri ...[more]

PMID: 26726312

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Project description:New and more efficient methods to sustainably intensify Aquaculture production are essential to attain the seafood demand for direct human consumption in the near future. Nutrition has been identified as one strategy of early exposure that might affect animal early development and later phenotype. This strategy may have positive consequences in the modulation of fish digestive physiology, which will correlate with higher performance outputs. Thus, improving fish digestive efficiency will lead to higher productivity and lower biogenic emission from aquaculture facilities, minimising the impact on the environment while increasing the biological efficiency. An innovative in ovo nutritional modulation technique based on low-frequency ultrasounds was used to enhance the transport of amino acids across the embryo membranes. An early stimulus with either arginine or glutamine, both involved in gut maturation, was applied in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos at 3.5 hours post-fertilization (hpf). At 22 days post-fertilization (dpf), growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and gut microbiota composition were analysed to evaluate the larval nutrition-induced metabolic plasticity and the effects on fish digestive efficiency. Results showed that fish survival was not affected either by the sonophoresis technique or amino acid supplementation. Final dry weight at 22 dpf was statistically higher in larvae from glutamine treatment when compared to the control even with lower trypsin activity, suggesting a higher nutrient digestion capacity, due to a slightly modulation of gut microbiota. Higher arginine supplementation levels should be tested as strategy to enhance growth at later developmental stages. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the efficiency of sonophoresis technique for in ovo nutritional modulation and suggests that in ovo glutamine supplementation might promote growth at later developmental stage through a positive microbiota modulation.

Dataset Information

Nutritional Supplementation with Essential Amino Acids and Phytosterols May Reduce Risk for Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease in Overweight Individuals with Mild Hyperlipidemia.

Publications

Nutritional Supplementation with Essential Amino Acids and Phytosterols May Reduce Risk for Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease in Overweight Individuals with Mild Hyperlipidemia.

Similar Datasets

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