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Predictors of the risk of malnutrition among children under the age of 5 years in Somalia.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To investigate the predictors of wasting, stunting and low mid-upper arm circumference among children aged 6-59 months in Somalia using data from household cross-sectional surveys from 2007 to 2010 in order to help inform better targeting of nutritional interventions. DESIGN:Cross-sectional nutritional assessment surveys using structured interviews were conducted among communities in Somalia each year from 2007 to 2010. A two-stage cluster sampling methodology was used to select children aged 6-59 months from households across three livelihood zones (pastoral, agro-pastoral and riverine). Predictors of three anthropometric measures, weight-for-height (wasting), height-for-age (stunting) and mid-upper arm circumference, were analysed using Bayesian binomial regression, controlling for both spatial and temporal dependence in the data. SETTING:The study was conducted in randomly sampled villages, representative of three livelihood zones in Somalia. SUBJECTS:Children between the ages of 6 and 59 months in Somalia. RESULTS:The estimated national prevalence of wasting, stunting and low mid-upper arm circumference in children aged 6-59 months was 21 %, 31 % and 36 %, respectively. Although fever, diarrhoea, sex and age of the child, household size and access to foods were significant predictors of malnutrition, the strongest association was observed between all three indicators of malnutrition and the enhanced vegetation index. A 1-unit increase in enhanced vegetation index was associated with a 38 %, 49 % and 59 % reduction in wasting, stunting and low mid-upper arm circumference, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Infection and climatic variations are likely to be key drivers of malnutrition in Somalia. Better health data and close monitoring and forecasting of droughts may provide valuable information for nutritional intervention planning in Somalia.

SUBMITTER: Kinyoki DK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4697134 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Predictors of the risk of malnutrition among children under the age of 5 years in Somalia.

Kinyoki Damaris K DK Berkley James A JA Moloney Grainne M GM Kandala Ngianga-Bakwin NB Noor Abdisalan M AM

Public health nutrition 20150619 17

<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate the predictors of wasting, stunting and low mid-upper arm circumference among children aged 6-59 months in Somalia using data from household cross-sectional surveys from 2007 to 2010 in order to help inform better targeting of nutritional interventions.<h4>Design</h4>Cross-sectional nutritional assessment surveys using structured interviews were conducted among communities in Somalia each year from 2007 to 2010. A two-stage cluster sampling methodology was used t ...[more]

PMID: 26091444

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Project description:BackgroundDiarrhoea and malnutrition are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children in areas with poor access to clean water, improved sanitation, and with low socioeconomic status. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of diarrhoea, malnutrition and risk factors among children aged 6-59 months in the Tigray Region of Northern Ethiopia.MethodsA community based cross-sectional study design was conducted from June to August 2017 to assess the magnitude and factors associated with diarrhoea and malnutrition among children. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data on diarrhoea, environmental, demographic and behavioural factors from 610 mother-child pairs. Anthropometric measurements were collected from the children. SPSS ver.21 statistical software was used for analysis. Factors associated with diarrhoea and nutritional status were identified using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsOf the 610 children monitored in this study, the incidence of diarrhoea among 6-59 month-old children in the two weeks preceding the day of the interview day was 27.2% (95% CI: 23.6-31%). Specifically, 35.9%, 9.7%, and 1.8% had 1-2, 3-4 and 5-6 times of diarrhoea episodes in a one year of time, respectively. The prevalence of stunting, underweight, wasting, and acute under-nutrition were 36.1% (95% CI: 31-38.6%), 37% (95% CI: 32-39.6%), 7.9% (95% CI: 5.5-9.7%), and 5.4% (95% CI: 3.8-7.4%), respectively. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, type of drinking water source [AOR = 3.69; 95% CI: 2.03-6.71], mothers not hand washing at critical times [AOR = 15.42; 95% CI: 2.02-117.78], improper solid waste disposal [AOR = 12.81; 95% CI: 2.50-65.62], and child age (36-47 months) [AOR = 2.57; 95% CI: 1.45-4.55] were found to be predictors of diarrhoea. Being within the age range of 12-23 months was a predictor for wasting [AOR = 4.38; 95% CI: 1.61-11.90] and being underweight [AOR = 4.4; 95% CI: 1.7-11.2]. Similarly, the age range of 36-47 months was associated with wasting [AOR = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.45-3.85] and stunting [AOR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.03-2.67]. Family size (less than 4) [AOR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.368-0.959] was inversely associated for wasting.ConclusionsOur study revealed that the problem of diarrhoea and malnutrition amongst 6-59 months children in the study area was significant. Access to clean water was the main problem in the study area. Hence, improving access to clean water and providing health education to mothers on personal and environmental hygiene, and proper waste disposal could improve diarrhoea in the study area. Intervention on children's nutrition should also be implemented to minimize the problem of malnutrition.

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Predictors of the risk of malnutrition among children under the age of 5 years in Somalia.

Publications

Predictors of the risk of malnutrition among children under the age of 5 years in Somalia.

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