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Relation between dietary fat intake type and serum fatty acid status in children with cystic fibrosis.

ABSTRACT: Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and pancreatic insufficiency (PI) are at risk for fatty acid (FA) abnormalities and essential FA deficiency, with low linoleic acid (LA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentrations and abnormal triene:tetraene (T:T) and arachidonic acid (AA):DHA ratios. The aim of the article was to determine whether type of dietary fat predicted serum LA, DHA, T:T, and AA:DHA ratios in subjects with CF and PI as compared to an unaffected comparison group.Serum FA concentrations were assessed by capillary gas-liquid chromatography (mol%) and dietary intake by 7-day weighed food records; the 3-day coefficient of fat absorption was calculated. Total energy intake was expressed in kilocalories.A total of 65 subjects with CF and PI (8.4?±?1.0 years, 32 girls) and 22 controls (8.5?±?1.1 years, 13 girls) were included. Despite greater energy, saturated fat, and LA intake, the subjects with CF had lower serum LA and DHA and higher T:T and AA:DHA than those in the comparison group. Dietary total fat, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), LA, total ? 6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (T?6PUFA), and ?-linolenic acid (ALA) intake positively predicted serum LA concentration. MUFA, total ? 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (T?3PUFA), and ALA intake positively predicted serum DHA concentration. Total dietary fat, MUFA, PUFA, T?3PUFA, LA, and ALA intake negatively predicted serum T:T. ALA and T?3PUFA intake negatively predicted serum AA:DHA.Dietary fat patterns influenced serum LA, DHA, T:T, and AA:DHA in children with CF and PI. These data suggest that changes in dietary practices may result in FA profiles associated with improved clinical outcomes.

SUBMITTER: Maqbool A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4699309 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Relation between dietary fat intake type and serum fatty acid status in children with cystic fibrosis.

Maqbool Asim A Schall Joan I JI Gallagher Paul R PR Zemel Babette S BS Strandvik Birgitta B Stallings Virginia A VA

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition 20121101 5

<h4>Background and objective</h4>Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and pancreatic insufficiency (PI) are at risk for fatty acid (FA) abnormalities and essential FA deficiency, with low linoleic acid (LA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentrations and abnormal triene:tetraene (T:T) and arachidonic acid (AA):DHA ratios. The aim of the article was to determine whether type of dietary fat predicted serum LA, DHA, T:T, and AA:DHA ratios in subjects with CF and PI as compared to an unaffected comp ...[more]

PMID: 22699835

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Project description:ObjectiveTo investigate associations between dietary omega-3 fatty acids and other fat intake, genes related to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and progression to geographic atrophy (GA).DesignObservational analysis of a prospective cohort.ParticipantsA total of 2531 individuals from the Age-Related Eye Disease Study, among which 525 eyes progressed to GA and 4165 eyes did not.MethodsEyes without advanced AMD at baseline were evaluated for progression to GA. Behavioral data, including smoking and body mass index measurements, were collected at baseline using questionnaires. Dietary data were collected from food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) at baseline. Omega-3 fatty acids (docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] and eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]), omega-6 fatty acids, monounsaturated, saturated, polyunsaturated, and total fat were adjusted for sex and calories and divided into quintiles (Q). Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms in 7 genes (CFH, ARMS2/HTRA1, CFB, C2, C3, CFI, and LIPC) were genotyped. Cox proportional hazards models were used to test for associations between incident GA and intake of dietary lipids and interaction effects between dietary fat intake and genetic variation on risk of GA.Main outcome measuresAssociations between dietary fat intake reported from FFQs, genetic variants, and incident GA.ResultsIncreased intake of DHA was significantly associated with reduced risk of progression to GA in models with behavioral factors (model A) plus genetic variants (model B) (P trend = 0.01 and 0.03, respectively). Total omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated (DHA + EPA) fatty acid intake was significantly associated with reduced risk of progression in model B (P trend = 0.02). Monounsaturated fat was associated with increased risk in model A (P trend = 0.05). DHA intake was significantly associated with reduced risk of incident GA among those with the ARMS2/HTRA1 homozygous risk genotype (hazard ratio [HR] Q5 vs Q1, 0.4; P = 0.002; P for interaction between gene and fat intake = 0.05). DHA was not associated with reduced risk of GA among those with the homozygous ARMS2/HTRA1 nonrisk genotype (HR, 1.0; P = 0.90).ConclusionsIncreased self-reported dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids is associated with reduced risk of GA and may modify genetic susceptibility for progression to GA.Financial disclosure(s)The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

Dataset Information

Relation between dietary fat intake type and serum fatty acid status in children with cystic fibrosis.

Publications

Relation between dietary fat intake type and serum fatty acid status in children with cystic fibrosis.

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