Dataset Information

Household Factors Associated with Self-Harm in Johannesburg, South African Urban-Poor Households.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Low and middle income countries bear the majority burden of self-harm, yet there is a paucity of evidence detailing risk-factors for self-harm in these populations. This study aims to identify environmental, socio-economic and demographic household-level risk factors for self-harm in five impoverished urban communities in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Methods

Annual serial cross-sectional surveys were undertaken in five impoverished urban communities in Johannesburg for the Health, Environment and Development (HEAD) study. Logistic regression analysis using the HEAD study data (2006-2011) was conducted to identify household-level risk factors associated with self-harm (defined as a self-reported case of a fatal or non-fatal suicide attempt) within the household during the preceding year. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with self-harm.

Results

A total of 2 795 household interviews were conducted from 2006 to 2011. There was no significant trend in self-harm over time. Results from the final model showed that self-harm was significantly associated with households exposed to a violent crime during the past year (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 5.72; 95% CI 1.64-19.97); that have a member suffering from a chronic medical condition (AOR 8.95; 95% 2.39-33.56) and households exposed to indoor smoking (AOR 4.39; CI 95% 1.14-16.47).

Conclusion

This study provides evidence on household risk factors of self-harm in settings of urban poverty and has highlighted the potential for a more cost-effective approach to identifying those at risk of self-harm based on household level factors.

SUBMITTER: Naicker N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4701361 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Household Factors Associated with Self-Harm in Johannesburg, South African Urban-Poor Households.

Naicker Nisha N de Jager Pieter P Naidoo Shan S Mathee Angela A

PloS one 20160105 1

<h4>Introduction</h4>Low and middle income countries bear the majority burden of self-harm, yet there is a paucity of evidence detailing risk-factors for self-harm in these populations. This study aims to identify environmental, socio-economic and demographic household-level risk factors for self-harm in five impoverished urban communities in Johannesburg, South Africa.<h4>Methods</h4>Annual serial cross-sectional surveys were undertaken in five impoverished urban communities in Johannesburg for ...[more]

PMID: 26731114

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Psychosocial factors are important determinants of health behaviors and diet-related outcomes, yet relatively little work has explored their relation to food-purchasing and preparation behaviors in low-income populations. AIM:To evaluate the psychosocial factors associated with food-related behaviors. METHODS:Cross-sectional data collected from 465 low-income African American adult caregivers in the baseline evaluation of the B'more Healthy Communities for Kids obesity prevention trial. Questionnaires were used to assess household sociodemographic characteristics, food sources frequently used, and food preparation and food acquisition behaviors. Multiple linear regression models explored the associations between caregiver psychosocial variables and food-related behaviors, controlling for caregivers' age, sex, household income, household size, and food assistance participation. RESULTS:Caregivers purchased prepared food at carry-outs on average 3.8 times (standard deviation [ SD] = 4.6) within 30 days. Less healthy foods were acquired 2 times more frequently than healthier foods ( p < .001). Higher food-related behavioral intention and self-efficacy scores were positively associated with healthier food acquisition (? = 0.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.09, 1.4]; ? = 0.04; 95% CI [0.02, 0.06]) and negatively associated with frequency of purchasing at prepared food sources (? = -0.4; 95% CI [-0.6, -0.2]; ? = -0.5; 95% CI [-0.7, -0.3]), respectively. Higher nutrition knowledge was associated with lower frequency of purchasing food at prepared food venues (? = -0.7; 95% CI: [-1.2, -0.2]). DISCUSSION:Our findings indicate a positive association between psychosocial determinants and healthier food acquisition and food preparation behaviors. CONCLUSION:Interventions that affect psychosocial factors (i.e., food-related behavioral intentions and self-efficacy) may have the potential to increase healthier food preparation and food-purchasing practices among low-income African American families.

Dataset Information

Household Factors Associated with Self-Harm in Johannesburg, South African Urban-Poor Households.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Household Factors Associated with Self-Harm in Johannesburg, South African Urban-Poor Households.

Similar Datasets

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