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A Review of Spatial Variation of Inorganic Nitrogen (N) Wet Deposition in China.

ABSTRACT: Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition (Ndep), an important component of the global N cycle, has increased sharply in recent decades in China. Although there were already some studies on Ndep on a national scale, there were some gaps on the magnitude and the spatial patterns of Ndep. In this study, a national-scale Ndep pattern was constructed based on 139 published papers from 2003 to 2014 and the effects of precipitation (P), energy consumption (E) and N fertilizer use (FN) on spatial patterns of Ndep were analyzed. The wet deposition flux of NH4(+)-N, NO3(-)-N and total Ndep was 6.83, 5.35 and 12.18 kg ha(-1) a(-1), respectively. Ndep exhibited a decreasing gradient from southeast to northwest of China. Through accuracy assessment of the spatial Ndep distribution and comparisons with other studies, the spatial Ndep distribution by Lu and Tian and this study both gained high accuracy. A strong exponential function was found between P and Ndep, FN and Ndep and E and Ndep, and P and FN had higher contribution than E on the spatial variation of Ndep. Fossil fuel combustion was the main contributor for NO3(-)-N (86.0%) and biomass burning contributed 5.4% on the deposition of NO3(-)-N. The ion of NH4(+) was mainly from agricultural activities (85.9%) and fossil fuel combustion (6.0%). Overall, Ndep in China might be considerably affected by the high emissions of NOx and NH3 from fossil fuel combustion and agricultural activities.

SUBMITTER: Liu L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4701729 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Review of Spatial Variation of Inorganic Nitrogen (N) Wet Deposition in China.

Liu Lei L Zhang Xiuying X Wang Shanqian S Lu Xuehe X Ouyang Xiaoying X

PloS one 20160105 1

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition (Ndep), an important component of the global N cycle, has increased sharply in recent decades in China. Although there were already some studies on Ndep on a national scale, there were some gaps on the magnitude and the spatial patterns of Ndep. In this study, a national-scale Ndep pattern was constructed based on 139 published papers from 2003 to 2014 and the effects of precipitation (P), energy consumption (E) and N fertilizer use (FN) on spatial patterns of ...[more]

PMID: 26731264

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Project description:Size-segregated aerosol particles were collected using a high volume MOUDI sampler at a coastal urban site in Xiamen Bay, China, from March 2018 to June 2020 to examine the seasonal characteristics of aerosol and water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) and the dry deposition of nitrogen species. During the study period, the annual average concentrations of PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and TSP were 14.8 ± 5.6, 21.1 ± 9.0, 35.4 ± 14.2 μg m-3, and 45.2 ± 21.3 μg m-3, respectively. The seasonal variations of aerosol concentrations were impacted by the monsoon with the lowest value in summer and the higher values in other seasons. For WSIIs, the annual average concentrations were 6.3 ± 3.3, 2.1 ± 1.2, 3.3 ± 1.5, and 1.6 ± 0.8 μg m-3 in PM1, PM1-2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM>10, respectively. In addition, pronounced seasonal variations of WSIIs in PM1 and PM1-2.5 were observed, with the highest concentration in spring-winter and the lowest in summer. The size distribution showed that SO4 2-, NH4 + and K+ were consistently present in the submicron particles while Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and Cl- mainly accumulated in the size range of 2.5-10 μm, reflecting their different dominant sources. In spring, fall and winter, a bimodal distribution of NO3 - was observed with one peak at 2.5-10 μm and another peak at 0.44-1 μm. In summer, however, the fine mode peak disappeared, likely due to the unfavorable conditions for the formation of NH4NO3. For NH4 + and SO4 2-, their dominant peak at 0.25-0.44 μm in summer and fall shifted to 0.44-1 μm in spring and winter. Although the concentration of NO3-N was lower than NH4-N, the dry deposition flux of NO3-N (35.77 ± 24.49 μmol N m-2 d-1) was much higher than that of NH4-N (10.95 ± 11.89 μmol N m-2 d-1), mainly due to the larger deposition velocities of NO3-N. The contribution of sea-salt particles to the total particulate inorganic N deposition was estimated to be 23.9-52.8%. Dry deposition of particulate inorganic N accounted for 0.95% of other terrestrial N influxes. The annual total N deposition can create a new productivity of 3.55 mgC m-2 d-1, accounting for 1.3-4.7% of the primary productivity in Xiamen Bay. In light of these results, atmospheric N deposition could have a significant influence on biogeochemistry cycle of nutrients with respect to projected increase of anthropogenic emissions from mobile sources in coastal region.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10874-021-09427-8.

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Dataset Information

A Review of Spatial Variation of Inorganic Nitrogen (N) Wet Deposition in China.

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A Review of Spatial Variation of Inorganic Nitrogen (N) Wet Deposition in China.

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