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Epigenetic Pattern on the Human Y Chromosome Is Evolutionarily Conserved.

ABSTRACT: DNA methylation plays an important role for mammalian development. However, it is unclear whether the DNA methylation pattern is evolutionarily conserved. The Y chromosome serves as a powerful tool for the study of human evolution because it is transferred between males. In this study, based on deep-rooted pedigrees and the latest Y chromosome phylogenetic tree, we performed epigenetic pattern analysis of the Y chromosome from 72 donors. By comparing their respective DNA methylation level, we found that the DNA methylation pattern on the Y chromosome was stable among family members and haplogroups. Interestingly, two haplogroup-specific methylation sites were found, which were both genotype-dependent. Moreover, the African and Asian samples also had similar DNA methylation pattern with a remote divergence time. Our findings indicated that the DNA methylation pattern on the Y chromosome was conservative during human male history.

SUBMITTER: Zhang M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4711989 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Epigenetic Pattern on the Human Y Chromosome is Evolutionarily Conserved

Project description:DNA methylation is very important for mammalian development. However, it is unclear whether the DNA methylation pattern is evolutionarily conserved. The Y-chromosome serves as a powerful tool for the study of human evolution because it is only transferred between males. In this study, based on deep-rooted pedigrees and the latest Y-chromosome phylogenetic tree, we performed epigenetic pattern analysis of Y-chromosome from 72 donors. By comparing their respective DNA methylation levels, we found that the DNA methylation pattern on the Y-chromosome was stable among family members and within haplogroups. Despite two haplogroup-specific methylation sites were found, they were both genotype-dependent. Moreover, with a remote divergence time, the African and Asian samples also had similar DNA methylation patterns. Our findings indicated that the DNA methylation pattern on Y-chromosome was conservative during human male history.

2016-05-01 | GSE73412 | GEO

Human telomerase contains evolutionarily conserved catalytic and structural subunits.

Project description:We have cloned and characterized a human gene encoding TP2 (telomerase-associated protein 2), a protein with similarity to reverse transcriptases and the catalytic telomerase subunits from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Euplotes aediculatus. Indirect immunofluorescence revealed that TP2 was localized to the nucleus. Using antibodies to endogenous and epitope-tagged TP2, we found that TP2 was associated specifically with human telomerase activity and the recently identified telomerase-associated protein TP1. Mutation of conserved residues within the reverse transcriptase domain of TP2 severely reduced associated telomerase activity. These results suggest that telomerase is an evolutionarily conserved multisubunit complex composed of both structural and catalytic subunits.

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Asy2/Mer2: an evolutionarily conserved mediator of meiotic recombination, pairing, and global chromosome compaction.

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| S-EPMC5695089 | biostudies-literature

Evolutionarily conserved human targets of adenosine to inosine RNA editing.

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae SMT4 encodes an evolutionarily conserved protease with a role in chromosome condensation regulation.

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