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The influence of personality traits on smokers' affect, withdrawal and cessation intervention outcome.

ABSTRACT: The personality traits of harm avoidance (HA), novelty seeking (NS), and reward dependence (RD), as measured by the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), have been linked to smoking behavior. The extent to which these traits are associated with smoking withdrawal and cessation outcome is unclear. We sought to address this question among 131 treatment-seeking smokers who were randomly assigned to either a smoking cessation treatment (four 30-min behavioral counseling sessions) or a control condition. We found that HA was positively associated with baseline depressive symptoms, baseline negative affect, and post-quit withdrawal, and negatively associated with positive affect at both baseline and post-quit. Additionally, we found that smokers with higher HA scores were more likely to be abstinent. NS was negatively associated with post-quit positive affect and positively associated with post-quit negative affect and withdrawal. RD was not found to be related to any outcome measures. Our findings suggest that, despite experiencing greater baseline and post-quit negative affect, smokers higher in trait harm avoidance are more likely to quit smoking. The treatment and theoretical ramifications of these findings are discussed.

SUBMITTER: Cui Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4719565 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The influence of personality traits on smokers' affect, withdrawal and cessation intervention outcome.

Cui Yong Y Tang Rui R Lam Cho Y CY Cinciripini Paul M PM Robinson Jason D JD

Addictive behaviors 20151126

The personality traits of harm avoidance (HA), novelty seeking (NS), and reward dependence (RD), as measured by the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), have been linked to smoking behavior. The extent to which these traits are associated with smoking withdrawal and cessation outcome is unclear. We sought to address this question among 131 treatment-seeking smokers who were randomly assigned to either a smoking cessation treatment (four 30-min behavioral counseling sessions) or a cont ...[more]

PMID: 26656672

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Project description:IntroductionNegative affect has been identified as a factor influencing continued smoking during pregnancy. In this study, a multi-component emotion regulation intervention was developed to address negative emotional smoking triggers and pilot-tested among low-income pregnant smokers. Treatment feasibility and acceptability, cotinine-verified rates of smoking cessation, and self-report of mean cigarettes smoked were assessed.MethodsPregnant smokers who self-reported smoking in response to negative affect (N = 70) were randomly assigned to receive one of two 8-session interventions: (1) emotion regulation treatment combined with standard cognitive-behavioral smoking cessation (ERT + CBT) or (2) a health and lifestyle plus standard smoking cessation active control (HLS + CBT). Outcomes for the 4-month period following the quit date are reported.ResultsTreatment attendance and subjective ratings provide evidence for the feasibility and acceptability of the ERT + CBT intervention. Compared with the HLS + CBT control condition, the ERT + CBT condition demonstrated higher abstinence rates at 2 months (ERT + CBT = 23% vs. HLS + CBT = 0%, OR = 13.51; 95% CI = 0.70-261.59) and 4 months (ERT = 18% vs. HLS = 5%; OR = 2.98; 95% CI = 0.39-22.72) post-quit. Mean number of cigarettes per day was significantly lower in ERT + CBT at 2 months (ERT + CBT = 2.73 (3.35) vs. HLS + CBT = 5.84 (6.24); p = .05) but not at 4 months (ERT + CBT = 2.15 (3.17) vs. HLS + CBT = 5.18 (2.88); p = .06) post-quit.ConclusionsThe development and initial test of the ERT + CBT intervention supports its feasibility and acceptability in this difficult-to-treat population. Further development and testing in a Stage II randomized clinical trial are warranted.ImplicationsNegative affect has been identified as a motivator for continued smoking during pregnancy. To date, smoking cessation interventions for pregnant smokers have not specifically addressed the role of negative affect as a smoking trigger. This treatment development pilot study provides support for the feasibility and acceptability of a multi-component ERT + CBT for low-income pregnant smokers who self-report smoking in response to negative affect. Study findings support further testing in a fully-powered Stage II efficacy trial powered to assess mediators and moderators of treatment effects.

Project description:BackgroundChina is the largest tobacco producer and has the highest number of tobacco consumers in the world. Extensive research has demonstrated the utility of social media for smoking cessation. WeChat is the most commonly used social media platform in China, but has not yet been utilized for smoking cessation interventions. The objectives of this study are (1) to evaluate the efficacy of a WeChat-based smoking cessation intervention; and (2) to examine a possible additive effect of integrating oral health and smoking-related information into a tailored, Transtheoretical Model (TTM) guided smoking cessation intervention.MethodsEligible adults were recruited through WeChat from July 1 to August 6, 2019, to participate in a 3-arm, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. We enrolled and randomized 403 participants into three groups: the Standard Group, Enhanced Group, or a Waitlist-Control Group. Participants in the Standard Group received 20 smoking cessation-related messages for 2 weeks; participants in the Enhanced Group received this same protocol plus 6 oral health-related messages over an additional week. Participants in the Control Group received smoking cessation-related messages, after the post-intervention assessment. The primary outcome was TTM Stage of Change, and the secondary outcomes were 7-day Point Prevalence Abstinence (PPA), 24-h PPA, daily cigarette use, and nicotine dependence at 4 weeks follow-up post intervention, comparing intervention groups with the control group. The overall program attrition rate was 46%. Paired t-tests, McNemar tests, and linear and logistic regression were used to examine differences in smoking cessation outcomes within and between groups.ResultsParticipants in the Enhanced Group (β = -1.28, 95%CI: -2.13, -0.44) and the Standard Group (β = -1.13, 95%CI: -1.95, -0.30) reported larger changes in nicotine dependence scores, compared to participants in the Waitlist Group. No statistically significant differences were found between the Enhanced Group and the Standard Group.DiscussionThis WeChat-based intervention was effective for smoking cessation overall. The addition of oral health information did not significantly improve the intervention.

Dataset Information

The influence of personality traits on smokers' affect, withdrawal and cessation intervention outcome.

Publications

The influence of personality traits on smokers' affect, withdrawal and cessation intervention outcome.

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