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ABO blood type correlates with survival on prostate cancer vaccine therapy.

ABSTRACT: Immunotherapies for cancer are transforming patient care, but clinical responses vary considerably from patient to patient. Simple, inexpensive strategies to target treatment to likely responders could substantially improve efficacy while simultaneously reducing health care costs, but identification of reliable biomarkers has proven challenging. Previously, we found that pre-treatment serum IgM to blood group A (BG-A) correlated with survival for patients treated with PROSTVAC-VF, a therapeutic cancer vaccine in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of prostate cancer. These results suggested that ABO blood type might influence efficacy. Unfortunately, blood types were not available in the clinical records for all but 8 patients and insufficient amounts of sera were left for standard blood typing methods. To test the hypothesis, therefore, we developed a new glycan microarray-based method for determining ABO blood type. The method requires only 4 ?L of serum, provides 97% accuracy, and allows simultaneous profiling of many other serum anti-glycan antibodies. After validation with 220 healthy subjects of known blood type, the method was then applied to 74 PROSTVAC-VF patients and 37 control patients from a phase II trial. In this retrospective study, we found that type B and O PROSTVAC-VF patients demonstrated markedly improved clinical outcomes relative to A and AB patients, including longer median survival, longer median survival relative to Halabi predicted survival, and improved overall survival via Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (p = 0.006). Consequently, blood type may provide an inexpensive screen to pre-select patients likely to benefit from PROSTVAC-VF therapy.

SUBMITTER: Muthana SM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4741674 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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ABO blood type correlates with survival on prostate cancer vaccine therapy.

Muthana Saddam M SM Gulley James L JL Hodge James W JW Schlom Jeffrey J Gildersleeve Jeffrey C JC

Oncotarget 20151001 31

Immunotherapies for cancer are transforming patient care, but clinical responses vary considerably from patient to patient. Simple, inexpensive strategies to target treatment to likely responders could substantially improve efficacy while simultaneously reducing health care costs, but identification of reliable biomarkers has proven challenging. Previously, we found that pre-treatment serum IgM to blood group A (BG-A) correlated with survival for patients treated with PROSTVAC-VF, a therapeutic ...[more]

PMID: 26338967

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Optimal utilization of novel therapies for advanced prostate cancer is challenging without a validated surrogate efficacy endpoint. Ongoing trials are using durable undetectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels as a marker of efficacy. The clinical relevance of prolonged undetectable PSA after a short course of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is uncertain. METHODS:The University of Washington Caisis database was queried for radical prostatectomy patients who received 6-12 months of ADT after biochemical recurrence (BCR), defined as PSA ?0.2?ng/mL and no radiographically detectable metastasis. Proportions of men with undetectable PSA 12 and 24 months after ending ADT were compared to a hypothesized 5% rate using exact binomial tests. Associations with patient and tumor characteristics were examined using logistic regression, and associations with risk of subsequent metastasis and death were evaluated by log-rank tests. RESULTS:After ineligibility exclusions, 23/93 (25%; 95%CI 16-35%; P?<?0.001) and 14/93 (15%; 95%CI 9-24%; P?<?0.001) had undetectable PSA 12 and 24 months after ending ADT, respectively. Detectable PSA at 12 months was associated with increased risk of metastasis (P?=?0.006), prostate cancer-specific death (P?=?0.028), and death from any cause (P?=?0.065). Being 1 year older at diagnosis was associated with a 14% (95%CI 5-24%; P?=?0.006) decrease in the odds of having a detectable PSA after controlling for PSA at diagnosis, PSA doubling time, grade group, and time from initial therapy to BCR. CONCLUSIONS:This single-institution retrospective analysis shows that it is not uncommon to have undetectable PSA 12 or 24 months after a short course of ADT. No baseline prognostic characteristic other than age was associated with a durable (12 month) undetectable PSA. Because a durable undetectable PSA was associated with lower risks of metastasis and prostate cancer-specific death, it may be a reasonable clinical trial endpoint.

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ABO blood type correlates with survival on prostate cancer vaccine therapy.

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ABO blood type correlates with survival on prostate cancer vaccine therapy.

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