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Rheology of Indian Honey: Effect of Temperature and Gamma Radiation.

ABSTRACT: Honey brands commonly available in Indian market were characterized for their rheological and thermal properties. Viscosity of all the honey samples belonging to different commercial brands was found to decrease with increase in temperature (5-40°C) and their sensitivity towards temperature varied significantly as explained by calculating activation energy based on Arrhenius model and ranged from 54.0 to 89.0?kJ/mol. However, shear rate was not found to alter the viscosity of honey indicating their Newtonian character and the shear stress varied linearly with shear rate for all honey samples. Honey is known to contain pathogenic microbial spores and in our earlier study gamma radiation was found to be effective in achieving microbial decontamination of honey. The effect of gamma radiation (5-15?kGy) on rheological properties of honey was assessed, and it was found to remain unchanged upon radiation treatment. The glass transition temperatures (T g ) of these honey analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry varied from -44.1 to -54.1°C and remained unchanged upon gamma radiation treatment. The results provide information about some key physical properties of commercial Indian honey. Radiation treatment which is useful for ensuring microbial safety of honey does not alter these properties.

SUBMITTER: Saxena S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4745488 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Rheology of Indian Honey: Effect of Temperature and Gamma Radiation.

Saxena Sudhanshu S Panicker Lata L Gautam Satyendra S

International journal of food science 20141014

Honey brands commonly available in Indian market were characterized for their rheological and thermal properties. Viscosity of all the honey samples belonging to different commercial brands was found to decrease with increase in temperature (5-40°C) and their sensitivity towards temperature varied significantly as explained by calculating activation energy based on Arrhenius model and ranged from 54.0 to 89.0 kJ/mol. However, shear rate was not found to alter the viscosity of honey indicating th ...[more]

PMID: 26904655

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Project description:This study investigated the effects of terminal sterilization of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) biomaterials using clinically translatable techniques, specifically ethylene oxide (EtO) and gamma (γ) irradiation. While a few studies have reported the possibility of sterilizing PVA with γ-radiation, the use of EtO sterilization of PVA requires additional study. PVA solutions were chemically crosslinked with trisodium trimetaphosphate and sodium hydroxide. The three experimental groups included untreated control, EtO, and γ-irradiation, which were tested for the degree of swelling and water content, and mechanical properties such as radial compliance, longitudinal tensile, minimum bend radius, burst pressure, and suture retention strength. In addition, samples were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and water contact angle measurements. Cell attachment was assessed using the endothelial cell line EA.hy926, and the sterilized PVA cytotoxicity was studied with a live/dead stain. Platelet and fibrin accumulation was measured using an ex vivo shunt baboon model. Finally, the immune responses of PVA implants were analyzed after a 21-day subcutaneous implantation in rats and a 30-day implantation in baboon. EtO sterilization reduced the PVA graft wall thickness, its degree of swelling, and water content compared with both γ-irradiated and untreated PVA. Moreover, EtO sterilization significantly reduced the radial compliance and increased Young's modulus. EtO did not change PVA hydrophilicity, while γ-irradiation increased the water contact angle of the PVA. Consequently, endothelial cell attachment on the EtO-sterilized PVA showed similar results to the untreated PVA, while cell attachment significantly improved on the γ-irradiated PVA. When exposing the PVA grafts to circulating whole blood, fibrin accumulation of EtO-sterilized PVA was found to be significantly lower than γ-irradiated PVA. The immune responses of γ-irradiated PVA, EtO-treated PVA, and untreated PVA were compared. Implanted EtO-treated PVA showed the least MAC387 reaction. The terminal sterilization methods in this study changed PVA hydrogel properties; nevertheless, based on the characterizations performed, both sterilization methods were suitable for sterilizing PVA. We concluded that EtO can be used as an alternative method to sterilize PVA hydrogel material. Impact statement Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels have been used for a variety of tissue replacements, including neural, cardiac, meniscal, cartilage, muscle, pancreatic, and ocular applications. In addition, PVA can be made into a tubular shape and used as a small-diameter vascular graft. Ethylene oxide (EtO) is one of the Food and Drug Administration-approved methods for sterilization, but its effect on PVA has not been studied extensively. The outcome of this study provides the effects of EtO and γ-irradiation of PVA grafts on both the material properties and the in vivo responses, particularly for vascular applications. Knowledge of these effects may ultimately improve the success rate of PVA vascular grafts.

Dataset Information

Rheology of Indian Honey: Effect of Temperature and Gamma Radiation.

Publications

Rheology of Indian Honey: Effect of Temperature and Gamma Radiation.

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