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Acquired resistance of pancreatic cancer cells to treatment with gemcitabine and HER-inhibitors is accompanied by increased sensitivity to STAT3 inhibition.

ABSTRACT: Drug-resistance is a major contributing factor for the poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer. We have shown previously that the irreversible ErbB family blocker afatinib, is more effective than the reversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib in inhibiting the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells. The aim of this study was to develop human pancreatic cancer cell (BxPc3) variants with acquired resistance to treatment with gemcitabine, afatinib, or erlotinib, and to investigate the molecular changes that accompany the acquisition of a drug-resistant phenotype. We also investigated the therapeutic potential of various agents in the treatment of such drug-resistant variants. Three variant forms of BxPc3 cells with acquired resistance to gemcitabine (BxPc3GEM), afatinib (BxPc3AFR) or erlotinib (BxPc3OSIR) were developed following treatment with increasing doses of such drugs. The expression level, mutational and phosphorylation status of various growth factor receptors and downstream cell signaling molecules were determined by FACS, human phopsho-RTK array, and western blot analysis while the sulforhodamine B assay was used for determining the effect of various agents on the growth of such tumours. We found that all three BxPc3 variants with acquired resistance to gemcitabine (BxPc3GEM), afatinib (BxPc3AFR) or erlotinib (BxPc3OSIR) also become less sensitive to treatment with the two other agents. Acquisition of resistance to these agents was accompanied by upregulation of p-c-MET, p-STAT3, CD44, increased autocrine production of EGFR ligand amphiregulin and differential activation status of EGFR tyrosine residues as well as downregulation of total and p-SRC. Of all therapeutic interventions examined, including the addition of an anti-EGFR antibody ICR62, an anti-CD44 monoclonal antibody, and of STAT3 or c-MET inhibitors, only treatment with the STAT3 inhibitor Stattic produced a higher growth inhibitory effect in all three drug-resistant variants. In addition, treatment with a combination of afatinib with either c-MET inhibitor Crizotinib or Stattic resulted in an additive or synergistic growth inhibition in all three variants. Our results suggest that activation of STAT3 may play an important role in the acquisition of resistance to gemcitabine and HER inhibitors in pancreatic cancer and warrant further studies on the therapeutic potential of STAT3 inhibitors in such a setting.

SUBMITTER: Ioannou N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4750538 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Acquired resistance of pancreatic cancer cells to treatment with gemcitabine and HER-inhibitors is accompanied by increased sensitivity to STAT3 inhibition.

Ioannou Nikolaos N Seddon Alan M AM Dalgleish Angus A Mackintosh David D Solca Flavio F Modjtahedi Helmout H

International journal of oncology 20160105 3

Drug-resistance is a major contributing factor for the poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer. We have shown previously that the irreversible ErbB family blocker afatinib, is more effective than the reversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib in inhibiting the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells. The aim of this study was to develop human pancreatic cancer cell (BxPc3) variants with acquired resistance to treatment with gemcitabine, afatinib, or erlotinib, and to investiga ...[more]

PMID: 26781210

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Project description:This series repressents the data set from the paper "Expression microarray analysis and oligo array CGH of aquired gemcitabine resistance in mouse colon reveals selection for chromosomal aberrations". Biological material: One solid mouse tumor "Colon 26A" was routinely maintained by successive transplantation. A subset of mice with this tumor was treated at the maximum tolerable dosage of Gemcitabine and successively transplanted 5 times and similarly treated. The last passage was completly resistant and designated, "Colon 26G". Expression array: Total RNA was isolated from frozen mouse tumors using Tryzol. Single stranded cDNA was synthetized from 30 mg of total RNA by reverse transcription using aminoallyl labeled dUTP (Ambion). Labelling was performed according to the aminoallyl labeling protocol. Briefly, cDNA was incubated at room temperature for 1 h with fluorolink monofunctional cy5 or cy3 (Amersham) followed by 15 min 4 M hydroxylamine treatment. Uncoupled dyes were removed using Qiaquick PCR purification columns (Qiagen) and mixed with 12 mg poly(dA) (Amersham), 60 mg yeast tRNA (Sigma) and 24 mg Cot-1 DNA (Invitroen). The probe was dissolved in 127 ml hybridization mixture containing 46% formamide, 9.5% dextran sulfate, 2x SSC and 0.2% SDS. The probe was heated to 70Â°C for 10 min and annealed at 37Â°C for 1 h. Slides were hybridized for 14 h at 37Â°C over-night (HyArray 12â¢, Perkin Elmer). After hybridization the slides were washed in the HybArray 12â¢ with 50% formamide, 2x SSC, pH 7 at 35Â°C for 15 min, followed b PI buffer (0.1 M sodium phosphate, 0.1% Igepal Ca630, pH 8) at room temperature and 3 washes of 0.2x SSC, 0.1x SSC and 0.01x SSC at room temperature followed by centrifugation. Arrays were scanned using a laser scanner (ScanArray Express, Perkin Elmer) and analysed using ImaGene version 5.6. Cy5 cy3 ratios are calculating by taking the log2 of the signal mean of each spot minus the median background mean of all spots on the array. This is followed by a standard normalization for spot intensity and calculation of the ratios.

Project description:This series repressents the data set from the paper "Expression microarray analysis and oligo array CGH of aquired gemcitabine resistance in mouse colon reveals selection for chromosomal aberrations". Biological material: One solid mouse tumor "Colon 26A" was routinely maintained by successive transplantation. A subset of mice with this tumor was treated at the maximum tolerable dosage of Gemcitabine and successively transplanted 5 times and similarly treated. The last passage was completly resistant and designated, "Colon 26G". Expression array: Total RNA was isolated from frozen mouse tumors using Tryzol. Single stranded cDNA was synthetized from 30 mg of total RNA by reverse transcription using aminoallyl labeled dUTP (Ambion). Labelling was performed according to the aminoallyl labeling protocol. Briefly, cDNA was incubated at room temperature for 1 h with fluorolink monofunctional cy5 or cy3 (Amersham) followed by 15 min 4 M hydroxylamine treatment. Uncoupled dyes were removed using Qiaquick PCR purification columns (Qiagen) and mixed with 12 mg poly(dA) (Amersham), 60 mg yeast tRNA (Sigma) and 24 mg Cot-1 DNA (Invitroen). The probe was dissolved in 127 ml hybridization mixture containing 46% formamide, 9.5% dextran sulfate, 2x SSC and 0.2% SDS. The probe was heated to 70°C for 10 min and annealed at 37°C for 1 h. Slides were hybridized for 14 h at 37°C over-night (HyArray 12™, Perkin Elmer). After hybridization the slides were washed in the HybArray 12™ with 50% formamide, 2x SSC, pH 7 at 35°C for 15 min, followed b PI buffer (0.1 M sodium phosphate, 0.1% Igepal Ca630, pH 8) at room temperature and 3 washes of 0.2x SSC, 0.1x SSC and 0.01x SSC at room temperature followed by centrifugation. Arrays were scanned using a laser scanner (ScanArray Express, Perkin Elmer) and analysed using ImaGene version 5.6. Cy5 cy3 ratios are calculating by taking the log2 of the signal mean of each spot minus the median background mean of all spots on the array. This is followed by a standard normalization for spot intensity and calculation of the ratios. Keywords: other

Dataset Information

Acquired resistance of pancreatic cancer cells to treatment with gemcitabine and HER-inhibitors is accompanied by increased sensitivity to STAT3 inhibition.

Publications

Acquired resistance of pancreatic cancer cells to treatment with gemcitabine and HER-inhibitors is accompanied by increased sensitivity to STAT3 inhibition.

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