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Hypoxia-mediated autophagic flux inhibits silver nanoparticle-triggered apoptosis in human lung cancer cells.


ABSTRACT: Solid tumors are frequently associated with resistance to chemotherapy because the fraction of hypoxic tumor cells is substantial. To understand the underlying mechanism of hypoxia on silver nanoparticle (AgNPs)-induced apoptosis, the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1?, a hallmark of hypoxia, was measured in the presence and absence of AgNPs. The results showed that HIF-1? expression was upregulated after AgNPs treatment under both hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Cell viability assays showed that AgNPs promoted cell death in cancer cells but not in non-cancer cells, as cancer cells are slightly more acidic than normal cells. However, reactive oxygen species generation induced by AgNPs in lung cancer cells caused high susceptibility to oxidative stress, whereas pre-exposure to hypoxia blocked AgNPs-induced oxidative stress. Notably, HIF-1? inhibited AgNPs-induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by regulating autophagic flux through the regulation of ATG5, LC3-II, and p62. Further, cell viability after treatment of cancer cells with AgNPs under hypoxic conditions was lower in HIF-1? siRNA-transfected cells than in control siRNA-transfected cells, indicating that HIF-1? knockdown enhances hypoxia induced decrease in cell viability. Our results suggest that hypoxia-mediated autophagy may be a mechanism for the resistance of AgNPs-induced apoptosis and that strategies targeting HIF-1? may be used for cancer therapy.

SUBMITTER: Jeong JK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4751501 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hypoxia-mediated autophagic flux inhibits silver nanoparticle-triggered apoptosis in human lung cancer cells.

Jeong Jae-Kyo JK   Gurunathan Sangiliyandi S   Kang Min-Hee MH   Han Jae Woong JW   Das Joydeep J   Choi Yun-Jung YJ   Kwon Deug-Nam DN   Cho Ssang-Goo SG   Park Chankyu C   Seo Han Geuk HG   Song Hyuk H   Kim Jin-Hoi JH  

Scientific reports 20160212


Solid tumors are frequently associated with resistance to chemotherapy because the fraction of hypoxic tumor cells is substantial. To understand the underlying mechanism of hypoxia on silver nanoparticle (AgNPs)-induced apoptosis, the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, a hallmark of hypoxia, was measured in the presence and absence of AgNPs. The results showed that HIF-1α expression was upregulated after AgNPs treatment under both hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Cell viability ass  ...[more]

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