Dataset Information

Prospective study of plasma urate and risk of Parkinson disease in men and women.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To examine whether higher plasma urate concentrations are associated with a lower risk of developing Parkinson disease (PD) and whether there is a sex difference in the potential urate-PD relationship.

Methods

We conducted a nested case-control study based on 90,214 participants of 3 ongoing US cohorts. We identified 388 new PD cases (202 men and 186 women) since blood collection, which were then matched to 1,267 controls. PD cases were confirmed by medical record review. Conditional logistic regression estimated relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), after adjustment for age, smoking, caffeine intake, plasma concentrations of cholesterol and ferritin, and other covariates. We also conducted a meta-analysis to combine our study with 3 previously published prospective studies on urate and PD risk.

Results

In the present nested case-control study, the multivariate-adjusted RRs of PD comparing extreme quartiles of urate were 0.63 (95% CI 0.35, 1.10; ptrend = 0.049) in men and 1.04 (95% CI 0.61, 1.78; ptrend = 0.44) in women (pheterogeneity = 0.001). In the meta-analysis, the pooled RRs comparing 2 extreme quartiles of urate were 0.63 (95% CI 0.42, 0.95) in men and 0.89 (95% CI 0.57, 1.40) in women.

Conclusion

We observed that men, but not women, with higher urate concentrations had a lower future risk of developing PD, suggesting that urate could be protective against PD risk or could slow disease progression during the preclinical stage of disease.

SUBMITTER: Gao X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4753729 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Prospective study of plasma urate and risk of Parkinson disease in men and women.

Gao Xiang X O'Reilly Éilis J ÉJ Schwarzschild Michael A MA Ascherio Alberto A

Neurology 20160113 6

<h4>Objective</h4>To examine whether higher plasma urate concentrations are associated with a lower risk of developing Parkinson disease (PD) and whether there is a sex difference in the potential urate-PD relationship.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a nested case-control study based on 90,214 participants of 3 ongoing US cohorts. We identified 388 new PD cases (202 men and 186 women) since blood collection, which were then matched to 1,267 controls. PD cases were confirmed by medical record review ...[more]

PMID: 26764029

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Project description:BackgroundTobacco use was observed to be associated with a lower risk of Parkinson disease (PD) in previous epidemiologic studies, with nicotine as a potential candidate. The association between dietary nicotine and PD risk has, however, not been examined in prospective studies yet.ObjectivesWe aimed to examine prospectively the association between dietary nicotine intake and subsequent PD risk among never-smokers.MethodsThe current study was based on never-smoker participants from 2 large prospective cohorts: the Nurses' Health Study (n = 31,615) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (n = 19,523). The studies contained information on dietary nicotine intake from 1986 from validated FFQs. Dietary nicotine intake was calculated based on consumption of peppers, tomatoes, processed tomatoes, potatoes, and tea. Incident cases of PD were identified via questionnaires and subsequently confirmed by reviewing medical records. We used Cox proportional hazard models to calculate cohort-specific HRs, and used fixed-effects models to calculate the pooled HR.ResultsDuring 26 y of follow-up, we identified 601 incident PD cases (296 women and 305 men). After adjusting for potential covariates, the pooled HR for the highest compared with the lowest quintile of dietary nicotine intake was 0.70 (95% CI: 0.51, 0.94). The significant inverse association was, however, only observed in women (adjusted HR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.96), not in men (adjusted HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.50, 1.20). Further adjusting for environmental tobacco smoke exposure, family history of PD, and use of ibuprofen generated similar significant results in women. Consistently, greater consumption of peppers was associated with lower risk of PD (adjusted HR for ≥5 times/wk compared with ≤3 times/mo: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.94) in women but not in men (adjusted HR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.57, 1.90).ConclusionsWomen with greater dietary nicotine intake had a lower risk of PD than those with lower intake.

Project description:BackgroundAccumulating evidence has suggested that human gut microbiota metabolize certain dietary compounds and subsequently produce bioactive metabolites that may exert beneficial or harmful effects on coronary artery disease (CAD) risk.ObjectivesThis study examined the joint association of 2 gut microbiota metabolites, enterolactone and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), that originate from intake of plant-based foods and animal products, respectively, in relation to CAD risk.MethodsA prospective nested case-control study of CAD was conducted among participants who were free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer in the Nurses' Health Study II and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Plasma concentrations of enterolactone and TMAO, as well as choline and L-carnitine, were assayed among 608 CAD case-control pairs.ResultsA high enterolactone and low TMAO profile was associated with better diet quality, especially higher intake of whole grains and fiber and lower intake of red meats, as well as lower concentrations of plasma triglycerides and C-reactive protein. Participants with a high enterolactone/low TMAO profile had a significantly lower risk of CAD: the multivariate-adjusted OR was 0.58 (95% CI: 0.38, 0.90), compared with participants with a low enterolactone/high TMAO profile. No significant interaction between enterolactone and TMAO on CAD risk was observed. Neither TMAO nor enterolactone alone were associated with CAD risk in pooled analyses. In women, a higher enterolactone concentration was significantly associated with a 54% lower CAD risk (P trend = 0.03), although the interaction by sex was not significant.ConclusionsOur results show that a profile characterized by high enterolactone and low TMAO concentrations in plasma is linked to a healthful dietary pattern and significantly associated with a lower risk of CAD. Overall, these data suggest that, compared with individual markers, multiple microbiota-derived metabolites may facilitate better differentiation of CAD risk and characterization of the relations between diet, microbiota, and CAD risk.

Dataset Information

Prospective study of plasma urate and risk of Parkinson disease in men and women.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Prospective study of plasma urate and risk of Parkinson disease in men and women.

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