Dataset Information

Loss of the tumor suppressor SMARCA4 in small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT).

ABSTRACT: Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT), is a rare and understudied cancer with a dismal prognosis. SCCOHT's infrequency has hindered empirical study of its biology and clinical management. However, we and others have recently identified inactivating mutations in the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling gene SMARCA4 with concomitant loss of SMARCA4 protein in the majority of SCCOHT tumors.(1-4) Here we summarize these findings and report SMARCA4 status by targeted sequencing and/or immunohistochemistry (IHC) in an additional 12 SCCOHT tumors, 3 matched germlines, and the cell line SCCOHT-1. We also report the identification of a homozygous inactivating mutation in the gene SMARCB1 in one SCCOHT tumor with wild-type SMARCA4, suggesting that SMARCB1 inactivation may also play a role in the pathogenesis of SCCOHT. To date, SMARCA4 mutations and protein loss have been reported in the majority of 69 SCCOHT cases (including 2 cell lines). These data firmly establish SMARCA4 as a tumor suppressor whose loss promotes the development of SCCOHT, setting the stage for rapid advancement in the biological understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare tumor type.

SUBMITTER: Ramos P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4755243 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Loss of the tumor suppressor SMARCA4 in small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT).

Ramos Pilar P Karnezis Anthony N AN Hendricks William P D WP Wang Yemin Y Tembe Waibhav W Zismann Victoria L VL Legendre Christophe C Liang Winnie S WS Russell Megan L ML Craig David W DW Farley John H JH Monk Bradley J BJ Anthony Stephen P SP Sekulic Aleksandar A Cunliffe Heather E HE Huntsman David G DG Trent Jeffrey M JM

Rare diseases (Austin, Tex.) 20141103 1

Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT), is a rare and understudied cancer with a dismal prognosis. SCCOHT's infrequency has hindered empirical study of its biology and clinical management. However, we and others have recently identified inactivating mutations in the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling gene SMARCA4 with concomitant loss of SMARCA4 protein in the majority of SCCOHT tumors.(1-4) Here we summarize these findings and report SMARCA4 status by targeted sequencing and/o ...[more]

PMID: 26942101

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Project description:BackgroundSmall-cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is a rare aggressive ovarian malignancy mainly affecting children, adolescents, and young adults. Since the discovery of mutations in the SMARCA4 gene in 2014, SCCOHT has become the subject of extensive investigation. However, international uniform treatment guidelines for SCCOHT are lacking and the outcome remains poor. The aim of this systematic review is to generate an overview of all reported patients with SCCOHT from 1990 onwards, describing the clinical presentation, genetic characteristics, treatment, and outcome.MethodsA systematic search was performed in the databases Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane for studies that focus on SCCOHT. Patient characteristics and treatment data were extracted from the included studies. Survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier's methodology. To assess the difference between survival, the log-rank test was used. To quantify the effect of the FIGO stage, the Cox proportional hazard regression model was estimated. The chi-squared test was used to study the association between the FIGO stage and the surgical procedures.ResultsSixty-seven studies describing a total of 306 patients were included. The median patient age was 25 years (range 1-60 years). The patients mostly presented with non-specific symptoms such as abdominal pain and sometimes showed hypercalcemia and elevated CA-125. A great diversity in the diagnostic work-up and therapeutic approaches was reported. The chemotherapy regimens were very diverse, all containing a platinum-based (cisplatin or carboplatin) backbone. Survival was strongly associated with the FIGO stage at diagnosis.ConclusionsSCCOHT is a rare and aggressive ovarian cancer, with a poor prognosis, and information on adequate treatment for this cancer is lacking. The testing of mutations in SMARCA4 is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and may lead to new treatment options. Harmonization and international collaboration to obtain high-quality data on diagnostic investigations, treatment, and outcome are warranted to be able to develop international treatment guidelines to improve the survival chances of young women with SCCOHT.

Dataset Information

Loss of the tumor suppressor SMARCA4 in small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT).

Publications

Loss of the tumor suppressor SMARCA4 in small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT).

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