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Transcription factor StWRKY1 regulates phenylpropanoid metabolites conferring late blight resistance in potato.

ABSTRACT: Quantitative resistance is polygenically controlled and durable, but the underlying molecular and biochemical mechanisms are poorly understood. Secondary cell wall thickening is a critical process in quantitative resistance, regulated by transcriptional networks. This paper provides compelling evidence on the functionality of StWRKY1 transcription factor, in a compatible interaction of potato-Phytophthora infestans, to extend our knowledge on the regulation of the metabolic pathway genes leading to strengthening the secondary cell wall. A metabolomics approach was used to identify resistance-related metabolites belonging to the phenylpropanoid pathway and their biosynthetic genes regulated by StWRKY1. The StWRKY1 gene in resistant potato was silenced to decipher its role in the regulation of phenylpropanoid pathway genes to strengthen the secondary cell wall. Sequencing of the promoter region of StWRKY1 in susceptible genotypes revealed the absence of heat shock elements (HSEs). Simultaneous induction of both the heat shock protein (sHSP17.8) and StWRKY1 following pathogen invasion enables functioning of the latter to interact with the HSE present in the resistant StWRKY1 promoter region. EMSA and luciferase transient expression assays further revealed direct binding of StWRKY1 to promoters of hydroxycinnamic acid amide (HCAA) biosynthetic genes encoding 4-coumarate:CoA ligase and tyramine hydroxycinnamoyl transferase. Silencing of the StWRKY1 gene was associated with signs of reduced late blight resistance by significantly increasing the pathogen biomass and decreasing the abundance of HCAAs. This study provides convincing evidence on the role of StWRKY1 in the regulation of downstream genes to biosynthesize HCAAs, which are deposited to reinforce secondary cell walls.

SUBMITTER: Yogendra KN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4765800 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transcription factor StWRKY1 regulates phenylpropanoid metabolites conferring late blight resistance in potato.

Yogendra Kalenahalli N KN Kumar Arun A Sarkar Kobir K Li Yunliang Y Pushpa Doddaraju D Mosa Kareem A KA Duggavathi Raj R Kushalappa Ajjamada C AC

Journal of experimental botany 20150928 22

Quantitative resistance is polygenically controlled and durable, but the underlying molecular and biochemical mechanisms are poorly understood. Secondary cell wall thickening is a critical process in quantitative resistance, regulated by transcriptional networks. This paper provides compelling evidence on the functionality of StWRKY1 transcription factor, in a compatible interaction of potato-Phytophthora infestans, to extend our knowledge on the regulation of the metabolic pathway genes leading ...[more]

PMID: 26417019

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Project description:Late blight (LB) caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary is the greatest threat to potato production worldwide. Current potato breeding for LB resistance heavily depends on the introduction of new genes for resistance to P. infestans (Rpi genes). Such genes have been discovered in highly diverse wild, primitive, and cultivated species of tuber-bearing potatoes (Solanum L. section Petota Dumort.) and introgressed into the elite potato cultivars by hybridization and transgenic complementation. Unfortunately, even the most resistant potato varieties have been overcome by LB due to the arrival of new pathogen strains and their rapid evolution. Therefore, novel sources for germplasm enhancement comprising the broad-spectrum Rpi genes are in high demand with breeders who aim to provide durable LB resistance. The Genbank of the N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) in St. Petersburg harbors one of the world's largest collections of potato and potato relatives. In this study, LB resistance was evaluated in a core selection representing 20 species of seven Petota series according to the Hawkes (1990) classification: Bulbocastana (Rydb.) Hawkes, Demissa Buk., Longipedicellata Buk., Maglia Bitt., Pinnatisecta (Rydb.) Hawkes, Tuberosa (Rydb.) Hawkes (wild and cultivated species), and Yungasensa Corr. LB resistance was assessed in 96 accessions representing 18 species in the laboratory test with detached leaves using a highly virulent and aggressive isolate of P. infestans. The Petota species notably differed in their LB resistance: S. bulbocastanum Dun., S. demissum Lindl., S. cardiophyllum Lindl., and S. berthaultii Hawkes stood out at a high frequency of resistant accessions (7-9 points on a 9-point scale). Well-established specific SCAR markers of ten Rpi genes-Rpi-R1, Rpi-R2/Rpi-blb3, Rpi-R3a, Rpi-R3b, Rpi-R8, Rpi-blb1/Rpi-sto1, Rpi-blb2, and Rpi-vnt1-were used to mine 117 accessions representing 20 species from seven Petota series. In particular, our evidence confirmed the diverse Rpi gene location in two American continents. The structural homologs of the Rpi-R2, Rpi-R3a, Rpi-R3b, and Rpi-R8 genes were found in the North American species other than S. demissum, the species that was the original source of these genes for early potato breeding, and in some cases, in the South American Tuberosa species. The Rpi-blb1/Rpi-sto1 orthologs from S. bulbocastanum and S. stoloniferum Schlechtd et Bché were restricted to genome B in the Mesoamerican series Bulbocastana, Pinnatisecta, and Longipedicellata. The structural homologs of the Rpi-vnt1 gene that were initially identified in the South American species S. venturii Hawkes and Hjert. were reported, for the first time, in the North American series of Petota species.

Dataset Information

Transcription factor StWRKY1 regulates phenylpropanoid metabolites conferring late blight resistance in potato.

Publications

Transcription factor StWRKY1 regulates phenylpropanoid metabolites conferring late blight resistance in potato.

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