Dataset Information

Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Analyses of Age Effects on Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness by Fourier-Domain OCT.

ABSTRACT: PURPOSE:We studied the effects of age and intraocular pressure (IOP) on retinal nerve fiber layer (NFL) and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness in normal eyes. METHODS:Data from subjects from the multicenter Advanced Imaging for Glaucoma Study (AIGS) were analyzed. The data included yearly visits from the normal subjects in the AIGS study. Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) was used to measure retinal NFL and macular GCC on each visit. Mixed effect models were used to evaluate the longitudinal effect of age and IOP on the NFL and GCC thickness. The measurements at baseline were used to examine the cross-sectional effects. RESULTS:The analysis included 192 eyes (92 participants) from AIGS between 2009 and 2013. The longitudinal analyses showed overall GCC thickness decreased 0.25 ± 0.05 ?m per year (P < 0.001) while the overall NFL thickness decreased 0.14 ± 0.07 ?m per year (P = 0.04). The cross-sectional analyses showed the GCC thickness was 0.17 ± 0.05 ?m thinner per year of baseline age (P < 0.001), while the NFL was 0.21 ± 0.06 ?m thinner (P < 0.001). There was no significant IOP effect on either GCC or NFL from either the longitudinal or cross-sectional analysis. CONCLUSIONS:Longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses provided consistent rates of approximately 0.2% per year of age-related thinning in NFL and GCC thicknesses. This is relevant in establishing criteria to detect glaucoma-related thinning (disease progression) in excess of normal aging. IOP does not seem to be a significant confounder for progression analysis. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE:This study demonstrated the relevance of advanced imaging technology in diagnosing and monitoring glaucoma disease.

SUBMITTER: Zhang X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4782827 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Analyses of Age Effects on Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness by Fourier-Domain OCT.

Zhang Xinbo X Francis Brian A BA Dastiridou Anna A Chopra Vikas V Tan Ou O Varma Rohit R Greenfield David S DS Schuman Joel S JS Huang David D

Translational vision science & technology 20160304 2

<h4>Purpose</h4>We studied the effects of age and intraocular pressure (IOP) on retinal nerve fiber layer (NFL) and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness in normal eyes.<h4>Methods</h4>Data from subjects from the multicenter Advanced Imaging for Glaucoma Study (AIGS) were analyzed. The data included yearly visits from the normal subjects in the AIGS study. Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) was used to measure retinal NFL and macular GCC on each visit. Mixed effect mode ...[more]

PMID: 26966637

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Project description:PURPOSE:To investigate the role of sex on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness at 768 circumpapillary locations based on OCT findings. DESIGN:Population-based cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS:We investigated 5646 eyes of 5646 healthy participants from the Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases (LIFE)-Adult Study of a predominantly white population. METHODS:All participants underwent standardized systemic assessments and ocular imaging. Circumpapillary RNFL (cRNFL) thickness was measured at 768 points equidistant from the optic nerve head using spectral-domain OCT (Spectralis; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). To control ocular magnification effects, the true scanning radius was estimated by scanning focus. Student t test was used to evaluate sex differences in cRNFL thickness globally and at each of the 768 locations. Multivariable linear regression and analysis of variance were used to evaluate individual contributions of various factors to cRNFL thickness variance. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Difference in cRNFL thickness between males and females. RESULTS:Our population consisted of 54.8% females. The global cRNFL thickness was 1 ?m thicker in females (P < 0.001). However, detailed analysis at each of the 768 locations revealed substantial location specificity of the sex effects, with RNFL thickness difference ranging from -9.98 to +8.00 ?m. Females showed significantly thicker RNFLs in the temporal, superotemporal, nasal, inferonasal, and inferotemporal regions (43.6% of 768 locations), whereas males showed significantly thicker RNFLs in the superior region (13.2%). The results were similar after adjusting for age, body height, and scanning radius. The superotemporal and inferotemporal RNFL peaks shifted temporally in females by 2.4° and 1.9°, respectively. On regions with significant sex effects, sex explained more RNFL thickness variance than age, whereas the major peak locations and interpeak angle explained most of the RNFL thickness variance unexplained by sex. CONCLUSIONS:Substantial sex effects on cRNFL thickness were found at 56.8% of all 768 circumpapillary locations, with specific patterns for different sectors. Over large regions, sex was at least as important in explaining the cRNFL thickness variance as was age, which is well established to have a substantial impact on cRNFL thickness. Including sex in the cRNFL thickness norm could therefore improve glaucoma diagnosis and monitoring.

Project description:ImportanceType 2 diabetes is expected to accelerate age-related peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) loss, but limited information on the rate of reduction in pRNFL thicknesses in patients with type 2 diabetes is available.ObjectiveTo investigate longitudinal changes in pRNFL thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes, with or without diabetic retinopathy (DR).Design, setting, and participantsA total of 164 eyes of 63 healthy individuals and 101 patients with type 2 diabetes (49 patients without DR [non-DR group] and 52 patients with mild to moderate nonproliferative DR [NPDR group]) were enrolled in this prospective, longitudinal, observational study from January 2, 2013, through February 27, 2015. Participants were followed up for 3 years, and the peripapillary mean and sector RNFL thicknesses were measured at 1-year intervals. The mean rate of pRNFL loss was estimated using a linear mixed model and compared among the 3 groups. Follow-up was completed on March 16, 2018, and data were analyzed from April 2 through July 27, 2018.ExposureType 2 diabetes.Main outcomes and measuresThe rate of reduction in pRNFL thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes.ResultsA total of 164 participants (88 women [53.7%]; mean [SD] age, 58.2 [8.7] years) were included in the study analysis. The mean (SD) age of the control group was 56.5 (9.3) years (39 women [61.9%]); the non-DR group, 59.1 (9.4) years (26 women [53.1%]); and the NPDR group, 59.4 (11.0) years (23 women [44.2%]). Mean (SD) duration of type 2 diabetes was 7.1 (4.4) years in the non-DR group and 13.2 (8.4) years in the NPDR group. The baseline mean (SD) pRNFL thickness was 96.2 (11.0) μm in the control group, 93.5 (6.4) μm in the non-DR group, and 90.4 (7.9) μm in the NPDR group. During 3 years of follow-up, these values decreased to 95.0 (9.2) μm in the control group, 90.3 (6.4) in the non-DR group, and 86.6 (7.9) μm in the NPDR group. In a linear mixed model, the estimated mean pRNFL loss was -0.92 μm/y in the non-DR group (P < .001) and -1.16 μm/y in the NPDR group (P < .001), which was 2.9-fold (95% CI, 1.1-14.8; P = .003) and 3.3-fold (95% CI, 1.4-18.0; P < .001) greater, respectively, than that of the control group (-0.35 μm/y; P = .01).Conclusions and relevanceProgressive reduction of pRNFL thickness was observed in healthy controls and patients with type 2 diabetes without and with DR; however, type 2 diabetes was associated with a greater loss of pRNFL regardless of whether DR was present. These findings suggest that pRNFL loss may occur in people with type 2 diabetes even in the absence of DR progression.

Project description:PurposeRetinal changes are poorly described in early treated phenylketonuria (ETPKU). We aimed to investigate possible visual functional and ocular microstructural changes in adult patients with ETPKU. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its angiography (OCTA) data from patients with PKU were compared to healthy controls.MethodsIn this prospective, monocentric, cross-sectional, case-control study 50 patients with ETPKU and 50 healthy subjects were evaluated with OCT and OCTA. Measurements were performed on right eyes. The following visual function parameters were studied: best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical equivalent (SE), contrast sensitivity and near stereoacuity; microstructural parameters: retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), ganglion cell layer (GCC) thickness, focal loss of volume (FLV), global loss of volume (GLV), peripapillary, papillary vessel density (VD), ocular axial length (AL) and intraocular pressure (IOP).ResultsAmong functional tests there were significant differences in contrast sensitivity at 1.5 (p < 0.001), 6 (p < 0.013), 12 (p < 0.001), 18 (p < 0.003) cycles per degree, in near stereoacuity (Titmus Wirt circles, p < 0.001) and in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA, p < 0.001). A statistically significant, moderate positive linear correlation was observed between BCVA and average Phe levels over the last ten years (β = 0.49, p < 0.001). The average (p < 0.001), superior (p < 0.001) inferior GCC (p < 0.001), the FLV (p < 0.003), GLV (p < 0.001) and the average RNFLT (p < 0.004) values of the PKU group were significantly lower than the controls. The serum phenylalanine level (Phe) in the PKU group negatively correlated with inferior (-0.32, p < 0.007), superior (r = -0.26, p < 0.028) and average (-0.29 p < 0.014) RNFL and with AL (-0.32, p < 0.026). In AL we detected a significant difference (p < 0.04) between the good and suboptimal dietary controlled group. There was no significant difference between the ETPKU and control group in the measured vessel density parameters and in IOP.ConclusionsOur results suggest that functional and ocular microstructural defects are present in patients with PKU, and some of them may depend on dietary control. The mechanism is unclear, but the correlation indicates the importance of strict dietary control in terms of preservation of retinal functions.

Dataset Information

Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Analyses of Age Effects on Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness by Fourier-Domain OCT.

Publications

Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Analyses of Age Effects on Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness by Fourier-Domain OCT.

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