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Horizontal transfer of ?-carbonic anhydrase genes from prokaryotes to protozoans, insects, and nematodes.


ABSTRACT: Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a movement of genetic information occurring outside of normal mating activities. It is especially common between prokaryotic endosymbionts and their protozoan, insect, and nematode hosts. Although beta carbonic anhydrase (?-CA) plays a crucial role in metabolic functions of many living organisms, the origin of ?-CA genes in eukaryotic species remains unclear.This study was conducted using phylogenetics, prediction of subcellular localization, and identification of ?-CA, transposase, integrase, and resolvase genes on the MGEs of bacteria. We also structurally analyzed ?-CAs from protozoans, insects, and nematodes and their putative prokaryotic common ancestors, by homology modelling.Our investigations of a number of target genomes revealed that genes coding for transposase, integrase, resolvase, and conjugation complex proteins have been integrated with ?-CA gene sequences on mobile genetic elements (MGEs) which have facilitated the mobility of ?-CA genes from bacteria to protozoan, insect, and nematode species. The prokaryotic origin of protozoan, insect, and nematode ?-CA enzymes is supported by phylogenetic analyses, prediction of subcellular localization, and homology modelling.MGEs form a complete set of enzymatic tools, which are relevant to HGT of ?-CA gene sequences from prokaryotes to protozoans, insects, and nematodes.

SUBMITTER: Zolfaghari Emameh R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4793742 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Horizontal transfer of β-carbonic anhydrase genes from prokaryotes to protozoans, insects, and nematodes.

Zolfaghari Emameh Reza R   Barker Harlan R HR   Tolvanen Martti E E ME   Parkkila Seppo S   Hytönen Vesa P VP  

Parasites & vectors 20160316


<h4>Background</h4>Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a movement of genetic information occurring outside of normal mating activities. It is especially common between prokaryotic endosymbionts and their protozoan, insect, and nematode hosts. Although beta carbonic anhydrase (β-CA) plays a crucial role in metabolic functions of many living organisms, the origin of β-CA genes in eukaryotic species remains unclear.<h4>Methods</h4>This study was conducted using phylogenetics, prediction of subcellula  ...[more]

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