Dataset Information

The Reasons for Heavy Drinking Questionnaire: Factor Structure and Validity in Alcohol-Dependent Adults Involved in Clinical Trials.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:People consume alcohol at problematic levels for many reasons. These different motivational pathways may have different biological underpinnings. Valid, brief measures that discriminate individuals' reasons for drinking could facilitate inquiry into whether varied drinking motivations account for differential response to pharmacotherapies for alcohol use disorders. The current study evaluated the factor structure and predictive validity of a brief measure of alcohol use motivations developed for use in randomized clinical trials, the Reasons for Heavy Drinking Questionnaire (RHDQ). METHOD:The RHDQ was administered before treatment to 265 participants (70% male) with alcohol dependence according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, in three pharmacotherapy randomized clinical trials. Principal components analysis was used in half the sample to determine the RHDQ factor structure. This structure was verified with confirmatory factor analysis in the second half of the sample. The factors derived from this analysis were evaluated with respect to alcohol dependence severity indices. RESULTS:A two-factor solution was identified. Factors were interpreted as Reinforcement and Normalizing. Reinforcement scores were weakly to moderately associated with severity, whereas normalizing scores were moderately to strongly associated with severity. In all cases in which significant associations between RHDQ scores and severity indices were observed, the relationship was significantly stronger for normalizing than for reinforcing. CONCLUSIONS:The RHDQ is a promising brief assessment of motivations for heavy alcohol use, particularly in the context of randomized clinical trials. Additional research should address factor structure stability in non-treatment-seeking individuals and the RHDQ's utility in detecting and accounting for changes in drinking behavior, including in response to intervention.

SUBMITTER: Adams ZW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4803668 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Reasons for Heavy Drinking Questionnaire: Factor Structure and Validity in Alcohol-Dependent Adults Involved in Clinical Trials.

Adams Zachary W ZW Schacht Joseph P JP Randall Patrick P Anton Raymond F RF

Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs 20160301 2

<h4>Objective</h4>People consume alcohol at problematic levels for many reasons. These different motivational pathways may have different biological underpinnings. Valid, brief measures that discriminate individuals' reasons for drinking could facilitate inquiry into whether varied drinking motivations account for differential response to pharmacotherapies for alcohol use disorders. The current study evaluated the factor structure and predictive validity of a brief measure of alcohol use motivat ...[more]

PMID: 26997195

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Project description:BackgroundMost physiological studies interested in alcohol-dependence examined ethanol as a pharmacological agent rather than a nutrient. We conducted two studies, which assessed the metabolic and endocrine factors involved in the regulation of alcohol and nutrient intake in alcohol-dependent (AD) subjects. We also examined the potential role of a disruption in energy balance in alcohol-dependence.Methods and resultsIn Study-1, quantitative dietetic interviews of eating and drinking habits were conducted with 97 AD subjects. The population was split around a median alcohol intake value of 12.5 kcal/kg/day. The results showed that the "low alcohol" drinking AD subjects had high Body Mass Index (BMI) and Fat Mass (FM) and alcohol intake was compensated for by a decrease in non-alcoholic intakes. "High alcohol" drinking AD subjects, on the other hand, had low BMI and FM and the total caloric intakes were largely above norms. In Study-2, 24 AD inpatients were submitted to dietetic interviews, calorimetry and blood samplings for the measurement of biomarkers of the regulation of metabolism and satiety, on day 2, 5 and 16 of abstinence. These patients were compared with 20 controls matched for age and gender. We observed in AD patients an increase in cortisol, leptin and PYY plasma levels and a decrease in ghrelin, which might explain the observed decrease in non-alcoholic intakes. However, alcoholic and non-alcoholic intakes correlated positively with basal metabolism and negatively with leptin and leptin/BMI.ConclusionFor individuals consuming below 12.5 kcal/kg/day of alcohol, alcohol intake is compensated for by a decrease in non-alcoholic nutrient intakes, probably due to changes in metabolic and satiety factors. For individuals consuming above 12.5 kcal/kg/day of alcohol, alcohol accelerates metabolism and decreases fat mass and leptin levels, and the total caloric intake largely exceeds norms. A dual model for regulation of energy intake in AD subjects is proposed.

Project description:Rates of heavy alcohol use in soup kitchen attendees range from 30% to 38%, but these data are based entirely on self-reported drinking. Little is known about the intensity or frequency of drinking in this population. We assessed alcohol use transdermally every 30 min over a 3-week period among heavy drinkers who attended local soup kitchens. In addition to transdermal alcohol monitoring, participants were randomly assigned to daily breath alcohol monitoring with or without reinforcement for alcohol-negative breath samples (BrAC). Analyses assessed feasibility of transdermal monitoring and examined alcohol use based on BrAC, transdermal, and self-report data, as well as effect sizes for these metrics based on group assignment. Nineteen participants completed the 21-day monitoring period in full; three persons removed the anklet 3-16 days early due to hospitalization, impending hospitalization, or incarceration. Participants reported minimal impacts of the monitors, and severity ratings of side effects were mild. When using BrAC, transdermal, and self-report data, the percentage of non-drinking days was 93%, 58%, and 57%, and the longest duration of consecutive non-drinking days averaged 10.3, 7.2, and 5.7 days, respectively. About half of drinking days involved heavy drinking (5 + drinks). Self-report and transdermal drinking days correlated significantly, p < .001, but neither index was associated with BrAC. Group comparisons indicate small-to-moderate sized effects of reinforcement compared to no reinforcement for increasing the proportion of alcohol-negative breath samples and durations of consecutive non-drinking samples during the study when BrAC was the metric. Transdermal data and self-report data indicated a more complex pattern. Reinforcement participants drank more often but at lower quantities than monitoring (control) participants per both transdermal and self-report data. These data suggest that transdermal monitors are well tolerated and document substantial heavy drinking in this population. Soup kitchens users are in need of alcohol interventions, and soup kitchens may represent a novel opportunistic setting for intervention delivery for an important and growing health disparities population.

Dataset Information

The Reasons for Heavy Drinking Questionnaire: Factor Structure and Validity in Alcohol-Dependent Adults Involved in Clinical Trials.

Publications

The Reasons for Heavy Drinking Questionnaire: Factor Structure and Validity in Alcohol-Dependent Adults Involved in Clinical Trials.

Similar Datasets

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