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Depression Risk Predicts Blunted Neural Responses to Gains and Enhanced Responses to Losses in Healthy Children.

ABSTRACT: Maternal major depressive disorder (MDD) increases risk for MDD and predicts reduced reward responding in adolescent offspring. However, it is unclear whether alterations in neural response to reward can be detected in school-aged children at high risk before the typical increase in reward response observed in adolescence.To assess relationships between neural response to gain/loss feedback, MDD risk, and child depressive symptoms, 47 psychiatrically healthy 7- to 10-year-old children (16 at high risk given maternal MDD) completed questionnaires and a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) card-guessing game in which candy was gained and lost.High-risk children showed both blunted response to gain and greater deactivation/reduced activation to loss within the ventral striatum and anterior insula. Within the striatum, risk-group differences in response to loss feedback were significantly larger than for gain, with greater deactivation to loss predicting risk-group status above and beyond blunted gain activation. Anhedonia was related to reduced deactivation to loss (i.e., reduced sensitivity to loss), whereas negative mood was related to enhanced deactivation to loss (i.e., enhanced sensitivity to loss) in the ventral striatum.High-risk children showed blunted ventral striatal activation to gain feedback, but ventral striatal deactivation to loss was a stronger predictor of MDD risk. Furthermore, relationships between response to loss and elevated depressive symptoms within the ventral striatum and cingulate differed depending on the type of depressive symptom. Together these results highlight the potentially important role of response to loss of reward in childhood risk for depression.

SUBMITTER: Luking KR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4808567 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Depression Risk Predicts Blunted Neural Responses to Gains and Enhanced Responses to Losses in Healthy Children.

Luking Katherine R KR Pagliaccio David D Luby Joan L JL Barch Deanna M DM

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 20160202 4

<h4>Objective</h4>Maternal major depressive disorder (MDD) increases risk for MDD and predicts reduced reward responding in adolescent offspring. However, it is unclear whether alterations in neural response to reward can be detected in school-aged children at high risk before the typical increase in reward response observed in adolescence.<h4>Method</h4>To assess relationships between neural response to gain/loss feedback, MDD risk, and child depressive symptoms, 47 psychiatrically healthy 7- t ...[more]

PMID: 27015724

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Project description:ObjectivesThis pilot study sought to develop and evaluate a novel online group-based intervention (Healthy Lifestyle Modification after Breast Cancer; HLM-ABC) to help breast cancer survivors (BCSs) make healthy lifestyle changes intended to yield not only beneficial physical outcomes (i.e., weight loss, reduced body mass index) but also greater behavioral (e.g., increased physical activity, healthier eating), and psychosocial well-being (e.g., self-efficacy, motivation, body image).MethodsAn exploratory single-arm, mixed-method triangulation design was employed to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of the HLM-ABC intervention for overweight BCSs. Fourteen women participated in the 10-week intervention and completed quantitative measures of the above-mentioned outcomes at baseline, post-treatment, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up time points. Qualitative data were obtained post-treatment via semi-structured interviews and a treatment satisfaction questionnaire.ResultsParticipants lost an average of 2.83% of their baseline weight (M = 196.65; SD = 38.59) by 1-year follow-up (M = 191.29; SD = 33.91), equal to a small effect size (d = -0.37). Despite achieving only modest weight loss, participants achieved meaningful gains in the form of increased physical activity (d = 0.2), discovery of gratifying movement, more intuitive eating habits (d = 1.12), greater bodily and emotional awareness, and positive shifts in beliefs about being able to make healthy choices regarding food (d = 0.63) and physical activity (d = 0.38). Furthermore, they demonstrated a slight improvement in body image (d = 0.36) and described feeling more self-compassionate, empowered, and acknowledging of variables beyond control (i.e., hormonal therapy, unsatisfactory surgery) that can present barriers to change.ConclusionAfter completing a 10-week online program, participants achieved meaningful and lasting changes on a number of healthful indicators, even when this did not correspond with a significant reduction in weight. Findings highlight the complex, multifaceted nature of "health" and lend support for promotion of healthier lifestyle following cancer treatment that encompasses not only physical weight, but also behavior, psychosocial well-being, and (often unmodifiable) circumstances such as life-preserving hormonal treatments.

Dataset Information

Depression Risk Predicts Blunted Neural Responses to Gains and Enhanced Responses to Losses in Healthy Children.

Publications

Depression Risk Predicts Blunted Neural Responses to Gains and Enhanced Responses to Losses in Healthy Children.

Similar Datasets

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