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Extracellular vesicle isolation and characterization: toward clinical application.

ABSTRACT: Two broad categories of extracellular vesicles (EVs), exosomes and shed microvesicles (sMVs), which differ in size distribution as well as protein and RNA profiles, have been described. EVs are known to play key roles in cell-cell communication, acting proximally as well as systemically. This Review discusses the nature of EV subtypes, strategies for isolating EVs from both cell-culture media and body fluids, and procedures for quantifying EVs. We also discuss proteins selectively enriched in exosomes and sMVs that have the potential for use as markers to discriminate between EV subtypes, as well as various applications of EVs in clinical diagnosis.

SUBMITTER: Xu R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4811150 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Extracellular vesicle isolation and characterization: toward clinical application.

Xu Rong R Greening David W DW Zhu Hong-Jian HJ Takahashi Nobuhiro N Simpson Richard J RJ

The Journal of clinical investigation 20160401 4

Two broad categories of extracellular vesicles (EVs), exosomes and shed microvesicles (sMVs), which differ in size distribution as well as protein and RNA profiles, have been described. EVs are known to play key roles in cell-cell communication, acting proximally as well as systemically. This Review discusses the nature of EV subtypes, strategies for isolating EVs from both cell-culture media and body fluids, and procedures for quantifying EVs. We also discuss proteins selectively enriched in ex ...[more]

PMID: 27035807

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