Dataset Information

Chronic Heavy Alcohol Use is Associated with Upregulated Paneth Cell Antimicrobials in Gastric Mucosa.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

How alcohol consumption affects the integrity and the defense mechanisms of the mucosa in the upper gastrointestinal tract is largely unknown. We examined the effect of heavy alcohol use on gastric and duodenal Paneth-cell-derived and epithelial antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), cytokines, and the Wnt pathway, an important regulator of epithelial regeneration.

Methods

In 22 patients with heavy alcohol use and 17 control subjects, biopsies from gastric corpus, antrum, and duodenum were examined for messenger RNA (mRNA) of AMPs, cytokines, and Wnt pathway factors using real-time PCR. The expression of the ?-defensin HD5 was analyzed immunohistochemically. The effect of alcohol exposure on Wnt signaling and AMP production was also studied in a gastric cell line using mRNA and reporter gene assays.

Results

Heavy alcohol use was associated with increased expression of Paneth cell HD5 and HD6 mRNA in the antrum, where these products are normally absent (HD5 mRNA in controls vs.

Patients

2100±900 and 365?500±161?600, HD6 mRNA: 320±130 and 58?300±32?600 copies per 10?ng total RNA, means±s.e.m., P value: 0.022 and 0.011). Upregulated HD5 was independent of intestinal metaplasia that was observed in a minority of patients. No significant differences were found for ?-defensins and cytokines (interleukins IL1?, IL6, IL8, IL10). In patients, Wnt pathway factors showed a trend toward higher levels. In vitro, ethanol exposure induced the production of HD5 and HD6 and activation of the Wnt pathway.

Conclusions

Alcohol exposure can induce gastric Paneth cell AMP expression. This may be linked to Wnt pathway activation, which has an important role in the epithelial regenerative homeostasis.

SUBMITTER: Ostaff MJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4816256 | biostudies-literature | 2015 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Chronic Heavy Alcohol Use is Associated with Upregulated Paneth Cell Antimicrobials in Gastric Mucosa.

Ostaff M J MJ Schäfer C C Courth L L Stebe S R D SR Ott G G Stange E F EF Wehkamp J J

Clinical and translational gastroenterology 20150716

<h4>Objectives</h4>How alcohol consumption affects the integrity and the defense mechanisms of the mucosa in the upper gastrointestinal tract is largely unknown. We examined the effect of heavy alcohol use on gastric and duodenal Paneth-cell-derived and epithelial antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), cytokines, and the Wnt pathway, an important regulator of epithelial regeneration.<h4>Methods</h4>In 22 patients with heavy alcohol use and 17 control subjects, biopsies from gastric corpus, antrum, and d ...[more]

PMID: 26181292

Similar Datasets

Project description:Rates of heavy alcohol use in soup kitchen attendees range from 30% to 38%, but these data are based entirely on self-reported drinking. Little is known about the intensity or frequency of drinking in this population. We assessed alcohol use transdermally every 30 min over a 3-week period among heavy drinkers who attended local soup kitchens. In addition to transdermal alcohol monitoring, participants were randomly assigned to daily breath alcohol monitoring with or without reinforcement for alcohol-negative breath samples (BrAC). Analyses assessed feasibility of transdermal monitoring and examined alcohol use based on BrAC, transdermal, and self-report data, as well as effect sizes for these metrics based on group assignment. Nineteen participants completed the 21-day monitoring period in full; three persons removed the anklet 3-16 days early due to hospitalization, impending hospitalization, or incarceration. Participants reported minimal impacts of the monitors, and severity ratings of side effects were mild. When using BrAC, transdermal, and self-report data, the percentage of non-drinking days was 93%, 58%, and 57%, and the longest duration of consecutive non-drinking days averaged 10.3, 7.2, and 5.7 days, respectively. About half of drinking days involved heavy drinking (5 + drinks). Self-report and transdermal drinking days correlated significantly, p < .001, but neither index was associated with BrAC. Group comparisons indicate small-to-moderate sized effects of reinforcement compared to no reinforcement for increasing the proportion of alcohol-negative breath samples and durations of consecutive non-drinking samples during the study when BrAC was the metric. Transdermal data and self-report data indicated a more complex pattern. Reinforcement participants drank more often but at lower quantities than monitoring (control) participants per both transdermal and self-report data. These data suggest that transdermal monitors are well tolerated and document substantial heavy drinking in this population. Soup kitchens users are in need of alcohol interventions, and soup kitchens may represent a novel opportunistic setting for intervention delivery for an important and growing health disparities population.

Dataset Information

Chronic Heavy Alcohol Use is Associated with Upregulated Paneth Cell Antimicrobials in Gastric Mucosa.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Patients

Conclusions

Publications

Chronic Heavy Alcohol Use is Associated with Upregulated Paneth Cell Antimicrobials in Gastric Mucosa.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets