ANO1 taking center stage: blood pressure regulation in SHRs.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Li Q
PROVIDER: S-EPMC4819994 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Gastrodin is a bioactive compound extracted from traditional Chinese medicine, Gastrodia elata??Bl. It has a definite effect on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients. However, the mechanisms of gastrodin in lowering blood pressure still remain unclear. In this study, 4 weeks of administration of gastrodin (100?mg/kg/d intraperitoneally injected) decreased the systolic blood pressure (SBP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) (190.2 ± 8.9 versus 169.8 ± 6.4, P < 0.01). Among SHRs receiving gastrodin treatment, angiotensin II (Ang II) and aldosterone (ALD) in serum were significantly decreased (2022.1 ± 53.0 versus 1528.7 ± 93.9, 213.33 ± 35.17 versus 179.65 ± 20.31, and P < 0.01, P < 0.05, resp.) and dramatically downregulated expression of angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) (4.9 ± 0.9 versus 2.6 ± 0.9, P < 0.05) in myocardium in both mRNA and protein levels compared with their corresponding groups without gastrodin treatment. Additionally, gastrodin increased the mRNA expression (0.18 ± 0.07 versus 0.82 ± 0.10, P < 0.01) and protein synthesis (0.40 ± 0.10 versus 0.34 ± 0.10, P < 0.01) of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?) in myocardium tissues. Overall, our data demonstrated that gastrodin was able to decrease the SBP in SHR. Furthermore, this study showed that gastrodin intervened with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and PPAR? effectively, which indicates its antihypertensive mechanism.
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Project description:The present study investigated the effects of electroacupuncture on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) by regulating the immune balance of T helper 17 cells (Th17 cells) and regulatory T cells (Treg cells). This study investigated the role of electroacupuncture in the immune balance of SHRs using Western blot, flow cytometry, and ELISA techniques. Electroacupuncture significantly improved blood pressure, downregulated the expression of RORγt, and upregulated the expression of Foxp3, reduced the production of Th17 cells, promoted the production of Treg cells, reduced the secretion of IL-6 and IL-17, and increased the secretion of TGF-β1 and IL-10. These findings suggest that electroacupuncture therapy effectively improved the systolic blood pressure of SHRs, and its mechanism may be related to promotion of the immune balance between Th17 and Treg.
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Project description:We investigated the relationship between blood pressure (BP) and mortality in patients taking antihypertensive medications in the Korean using data from the 2007-2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. A total of 6601 patients aged 30-74 years were included. Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were both divided into four groups as follows: SBP < 120, 120 ≤ SBP ≤ 129 130 ≤ SBP ≤ 139, and SBP ≥ 140; DBP < 70, 70 ≤ DBP ≤ 79, 80 ≤ DBP ≤ 89, and DBP ≥ 90. The survival rates and hazard ratios were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox regression analyses. To evaluate the predictability of all-cause mortality according to SBP and/or DBP, we calculated Harrell's concordance-index. The lowest DBP group had a high risk of mortality regardless of the SBP status. The group with DBP < 70 mm Hg and SBP ≥ 140 mm Hg showed the highest mortality. The discriminatory ability calculated using Harrell's C-indexes was greater for the combination of SBP and DBP compared to DBP or SBP alone. These results suggest that it is more effective to simultaneously evaluate the effect of SBP and DBP to predict mortality; clinicians should manage DBP < 70 mm Hg when treating hypertensive patients.
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Project description:Background and objectivesRecent guidelines recommend out-of-clinic BP measurements.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsWe compared the prevalence of BP phenotypes between 561 black patients, with and without CKD, taking antihypertensive medication who underwent ambulatory BP monitoring at baseline (between 2000 and 2004) in the Jackson Heart Study. CKD was defined as an albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g or eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Sustained controlled BP was defined by BP at goal both inside and outside of the clinic and sustained uncontrolled BP as BP above goal both inside and outside of the clinic. Masked uncontrolled hypertension was defined by controlled clinic-measured BP with uncontrolled out-of-clinic BP.ResultsCKD was associated with a higher multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratio for uncontrolled versus controlled clinic BP (prevalence ratio, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.02) and sustained uncontrolled BP versus sustained controlled BP (prevalence ratio, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.36). There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of uncontrolled daytime or nighttime BP, nondipping BP, white-coat effect, and masked uncontrolled hypertension between participants with and without CKD after multivariable adjustment. After multivariable adjustment, reduced eGFR was associated with masked uncontrolled hypertension versus sustained controlled BP (prevalence ratio, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.00 to 2.00), whereas albuminuria was associated with uncontrolled clinic BP (prevalence ratio, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.20 to 2.60) and sustained uncontrolled BP versus sustained controlled BP (prevalence ratio, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.36 to 2.99).ConclusionsThe prevalence of BP phenotypes defined using ambulatory BP monitoring is high among adults with CKD taking antihypertensive medication.
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Project description:BackgroundAlthough recent hypertension guidelines recommend home blood pressure (HBP) monitoring, its effect in clinical practice is not well known. This study aimed to identify current HBP measurement status and obstacles and their efficacy on blood pressure (BP) control.MethodsSixty-three intervention and 61 control centers with 2483 (mean age: 58.0 years, 56.0% male) drug-naïve stage 2 hypertensive patients or patients requiring second anti-hypertensive medications were included. The intervention group was instructed to measure HBP twice a day for 7 days from the scheduled visit at 4, 8, and 12 weeks.ResultsAt the end of 12 weeks, 842 (68.7%) and 807 (64.15%) patients of the control and intervention groups, respectively, achieved a target BP. The odds ratio (OR) for improving BP control of HBP was 0.836 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.694-1.007). Among intervention group, clinic BP of the subgroup those measured their HBP at least once well controlled compared to subgroup those not measured their HBP at all (OR 1.602, 95% CI: 1.182-2.172). Only 19.17% (n = 476) had a home sphygmomanometer, and among those, 26.89% measured their BP at least once a week and 34.87% did not measure the BP at all. The obstacles of HBP measurement were lack of awareness of its importance (40.83%), lack of confidence on how to measure BP and maintain the measurement (37.04%), and difficulty in selecting an appropriate device (14.41%).ConclusionsHBP measurement alone did not improve BP control, but better compliance with the HBP measurement resulted in improved BP control.Trial registrationClinicalTrials, NCT03254914 , Registered 21 August 2017.
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