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The Relevance of Maternal Socioeconomic Characteristics for Low Birth Weight - a Case-Control Study.

ABSTRACT: Introduction: The number of children born underweight (low birth weight, LBW) is increasing despite extensive prevention and screening programmes. The cost is high for the health system, and affected children are burdened with health predictors that can affect them negatively throughout their lives. This study investigates to what extent socioeconomic factors, in addition to known medical causes and the health behaviour of pregnant women, influence LBW. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study 131 mothers of singletons with a birth weight ??2500?g (cases) and 323 mothers of normal birth weight babies (controls) were interviewed with respect to socioeconomic status, health behaviour and stress in the workplace. Medical data were collected by specialist staff using a questionnaire. Results: Independent of medical diagnosis and health behaviour, women with lower level education (OR [95?% CI]?=?2.24 [1.12; 4.51]) and those who were not working (OR [95?% CI]?=?1.82 [1.10; 3.00]) were more likely to have an LBW baby. No effect was shown for immigrant background (OR [95?% CI]?=?1.14 [0.59; 2.21]) or stress in the workplace (OR [95?% CI]?=?1.17 [0.90; 1.51]). Discussion and Conclusion: These results show that the association between social and health inequalities starts from before birth. In order to reduce the rising number of babies born underweight, socioeconomic determinants in the care and supervision of pregnant women should systematically receive more attention to enable appropriate early preventive strategies to be implemented.

SUBMITTER: Altenhoner T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4824630 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Relevance of Maternal Socioeconomic Characteristics for Low Birth Weight - a Case-Control Study.

Altenhöner T T Köhler M M Philippi M M

Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde 20160301 3

<b>Introduction:</b> The number of children born underweight (low birth weight, LBW) is increasing despite extensive prevention and screening programmes. The cost is high for the health system, and affected children are burdened with health predictors that can affect them negatively throughout their lives. This study investigates to what extent socioeconomic factors, in addition to known medical causes and the health behaviour of pregnant women, influence LBW. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> In th ...[more]

PMID: 27065486

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Project description:BackgroundMothers in low socio-economic conditions frequently have low birth weight infants. Inaddition Physically demanding work during pregnancy also contributes to poor fetal growth. During gestation a woman needs balanced nutrition for a healthy outcome. Women with inadequate nutritional status at conception are at greater risk of aquiring disease; their health usually depends on the availability and consumption of balanced diet, and therefore they are unlikely to be able to resist with their high nutrient needs during pregnancy. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to assess the maternal risk factors associated low birth weight in public hospitals of Mekelle city, Tigray North Ethiopia, 2017/2018.MethodsUn-matched case-control study design was conducted among women who delivered in public hospitals of Mekelle city. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire through interview, direct physical assessment and medical record review of mothers. Sample size was calculated by Epi-info version 7.0 to get a final sample size of 381(cases = 127 and controls = 254). SPSS version 20 was used for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the effect of the independent variables on birth weight. Presence of significant association was determined using OR with its 95%CI. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance. Table, graphs and texts were used to present the data.ResultMost of the mothers (70.1% cases and 43.7% controls) were housewives. This study showed that maternal age ≤ 20 years (AOR = 6.42(95% CI = (1.93-21.42)), ANC follow up (AOR = 3.73(95%CI (1.5-9.24)), History of medical illness (AOR = 14.56(95% CI (3.69-57.45), Iron folate intake (AOR = 21.56(95%CI (6.54-71.14)), Maternal height less than 150 cm (AOR = 9.27(95%CI 3.45-24.89)) and Pregnancy weight gain (AOR = 4.93(95%CI = 1.8-13.48) were significant predictors of low birth weight.ConclusionThe study suggests that inadequate ANC follow-up, preterm birth and history of chronic medical illness, maternal height, pregnancy weight gain, and Iron intake were. Were significant predictors of low birth weight. Health professionals should screen and consulate pregnant mothers who are at risk of having infants with LBW and ensure that women have access to essential health information on the causes of low birth weight.

Project description:Background:Low birth weight (LBW) is defined as the birth weight of live born infants below 2500?g, regardless of gestational age. It is a public health problem caused by factors that are potentially modifiable. The purpose of this study was to determine the socioeconomic, obstetric, and maternal factors associated with LBW in Lumbini Provincial Hospital, Nepal. Methods:The study was conducted using case control study design with 1?:?2 case control ratio. A total of 105 cases and 210 controls were taken in this study. Data were entered on Epi data software version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 25 for analysis. Characteristics of the sample were described using mean and standard deviation. Bivariate analysis was done to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. The ultimate measure of association was odds ratio. Variables found to be associated with bivariate analysis were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model to identify predictors of LBW. Results:The mean age of the participants was 25.98 years with ±4.40 standard deviation. Mothers with literate educational background (AOR 0.32, 95% CI 0.13-0.81), housewife (AOR 2.63, 95% CI 1.11-6.20), vaginal mode of delivery (AOR 0.45, 95% CI 0.25-0.82), gestational age <37 weeks (AOR 2.51, 95% CI 1.15-5.48), history of LBW (AOR 5.12, 95% CI 1.93-13.60), and maternal weight <50 kilograms (AOR 2.23, 95% CI 1.23-4.02) were significantly associated with LBW. Conclusion:Educational and occupational status, mode of delivery, gestational age, maternal weight, and history of LBW were found to be independent predictors of LBW. There is need of developing coordination with education sector for increasing educational status of mothers and adolescent girls. Social determinants of health need to be considered while developing interventional programs. Similarly, interventional programs need to be developed considering identified predictors of low birth weight.

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The Relevance of Maternal Socioeconomic Characteristics for Low Birth Weight - a Case-Control Study.

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The Relevance of Maternal Socioeconomic Characteristics for Low Birth Weight - a Case-Control Study.

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