Dataset Information

PTSD is associated with an increase in aged T cell phenotypes in adults living in Detroit.

ABSTRACT: Psychosocial stress is thought to play a key role in the acceleration of immunological aging. This study investigated the relationship between lifetime and past-year history of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the distribution of T cell phenotypes thought to be characteristic of immunological aging.Data were from 85 individuals who participated in the community-based Detroit Neighborhood Health Study. Immune markers assessed included the CD4:CD8 ratio, the ratio of late-differentiated effector (CCR7-CD45RA+CD27-CD28-) to naïve (CCR7+CD45RA+CD27+CD28+) T cells, the percentage of KLRG1-expressing cells, and the percentage of CD57-expressing cells.In models adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, smoking status, and medication use, we found that past-year PTSD was associated with statistically significant differences in the CD8+ T cell population, including a higher ratio of late-differentiated effector to naïve T cells, a higher percentage of KLRG1+ cells, and a higher percentage of CD57+ cells. The percentage of CD57+ cells in the CD4 subset was also significantly higher and the CD4:CD8 ratio significantly lower among individuals who had experienced past-year PTSD. Lifetime PTSD was also associated with differences in several parameters of immune aging.PTSD is associated with an aged immune phenotype and should be evaluated as a potential catalyzer of accelerated immunological aging in future studies.

SUBMITTER: Aiello AE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4826331 | biostudies-literature | 2016 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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PTSD is associated with an increase in aged T cell phenotypes in adults living in Detroit.

Aiello Allison E AE Dowd Jennifer B JB Jayabalasingham Bamini B Feinstein Lydia L Uddin Monica M Simanek Amanda M AM Cheng Caroline K CK Galea Sandro S Wildman Derek E DE Koenen Karestan K Pawelec Graham G

Psychoneuroendocrinology 20160203

<h4>Background</h4>Psychosocial stress is thought to play a key role in the acceleration of immunological aging. This study investigated the relationship between lifetime and past-year history of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the distribution of T cell phenotypes thought to be characteristic of immunological aging.<h4>Methods</h4>Data were from 85 individuals who participated in the community-based Detroit Neighborhood Health Study. Immune markers assessed included the CD4:CD8 ratio, ...[more]

PMID: 26894484

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Project description:BackgroundHomeless individuals suffer and die disproportionately from chronic diseases and disorders. We describe the epidemiology of cancer among homeless persons in metropolitan Detroit.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed using 1973-2014 data from the Metropolitan Detroit Cancer Surveillance System, a population-based cancer registry and member of the National Institutes of Health-National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. Homeless adults were identified through address at diagnosis listed as a homeless shelter, hospital, or supplemental field indicating homelessness. Age-adjusted, sex-specific proportional incidence ratios (PIR) compared cancer incidence proportions by primary tumor site of homeless patients to the nonhomeless referent population. Kaplan-Meier curves depicted unadjusted survival differences in a propensity score matched sample. Differences in 10-year survival were assessed using the score test with a sandwich estimator accounting for matched cluster effects. Statistical tests were two-sided.ResultsA total of 388 individuals experienced homelessness at first primary invasive cancer diagnosis. Statistically significantly higher proportions of respiratory system (PIR = 1.51; 95% confidence interval = 1.28 to 1.79) and female genital system (PIR = 1.83; 95% confidence interval = 1.31 to 2.55) cancers were observed among homeless men and women, respectively. Homeless persons had poorer overall and cancer-reported survival compared with a propensity score matched referent population (median: overall survival, 20.0 vs 38.0 months, respectively, P < .001; cancer-reported survival, 38.0 vs 64.0 months, respectively, P < .001).ConclusionDisparities in disease burden exist between adults who are experiencing homelessness compared with the nonhomeless population at cancer diagnosis. These findings provide clinically relevant information to understand the cancer burden in this medically underserved population and suggest an urgent need to develop cancer prevention and intervention programs to reduce disparities and improve the health of homeless persons.

Project description:BackgroundEpidemiological evidence suggests that both anemia and elevated red cell distribution width (RDW) are associated with cognitive impairment. However, the interplay between these 2 predictors has been understudied.ObjectivesWe examined sex- and anemia-specific associations between RDW and cognitive performance among urban adults in the United States.MethodsData from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Life Span Study (Baltimore, MD; participants aged 30-65 y at baseline, ?59% African-American, 45% men) were used. Participants were selected based on the completion of 11 cognitive tasks at baseline (2004-2009) and follow-up (2009-2013) visits (mean time between visits: 4.64 ± 0.93 y) and availability of exposure and covariate data, yielding a sample of between 1526 and 1646 adults out of the initial 3720 adults recruited at baseline. Multiple linear mixed-effects regression models were conducted with RDW as the main exposure of interest and anemia/sex as the key effect modifiers.ResultsOverall, high RDWs were linked to poorer baseline performance on the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) List A (per 1 unit increase in RDW %, main effect: ?01 = -0.369 ± 0.114; P = 0.001) and to slower rates of decline on the CVLT Delayed Free Recall (per 1 unit increase in RDW %, RDW × time: ?11 = +0.036 ± 0.013; P = 0.007). Among nonanemic participants, RDWs were consistently associated with poorer baseline performance on the Trailmaking Test, Part A (?01 = +3.11 ± 0.89; P < 0.001) and on the CVLT List A (?01 = -0.560 ± 0.158; P < 0.001). Moreover, RDWs were associated with poorer baseline performance on the Brief Test of Attention in the total population (?01 = -0.123 ± 0.039; P = 0.001) and among men (?01 = -0.221 ± 0.068; P = 0.001). We did not detect an association between hemoglobin (Hb) and baseline cognitive performance or changes over time.ConclusionsElevated RDW had a consistent cross-sectional association with poor cognitive performance in the domains of verbal memory and attention among the nonanemic group in a sample of middle-aged, urban adults. Anemia and Hb concentrations were not associated with cognition. More longitudinal studies are needed to replicate our findings.

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PTSD is associated with an increase in aged T cell phenotypes in adults living in Detroit.

Publications

PTSD is associated with an increase in aged T cell phenotypes in adults living in Detroit.

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