Dataset Information

Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities associated with Populus simonii and Pinus tabuliformis in the hilly-gully region of the Loess Plateau, China.

ABSTRACT: The Loess Plateau region of northwestern China has unique geological and dry/semi-dry climate characteristics. However, knowledge about ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) communities in the Loess Plateau is limited. In this study, we investigated EMF communities in Populus simonii and Pinus tabuliformis patches within the forest-steppe zone, in pine forests within the forest zone, and the transitional zone between them. We revealed high species richness (115 operational taxonomic units [OTUs]) of indigenous EMF resources at the Loess Plateau, of which Tomentella (35 OTUs), Inocybe (16), Sebacina (16), and Geopora (7) were the most OTU-rich lineages. EMF richness within the forest-steppe zone and the transitional zone was limited, while the natural pine forest maintained diverse EMF communities in the forest zone. The changes of EMF community richness and composition along arid eco-zones were highlighted for the complex factors including precipitation, soil factors, host, DBH, and altitude. Indicator analysis revealed that some EMF showed clear host preference and some taxa, i.e., genera Geopora and Inocybe, were dominant in drought and alkaline-saline conditions attributed to their environmental preference. This study revealed that EMF communities were quite limited in the forest-steppe zone, while the forest region contained diverse EMF communities in the Loess Plateau.

SUBMITTER: Long D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4827030 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities associated with Populus simonii and Pinus tabuliformis in the hilly-gully region of the Loess Plateau, China.

Long Dongfeng D Liu Jianjun J Han Qisheng Q Wang Xiaobing X Huang Jian J

Scientific reports 20160411

The Loess Plateau region of northwestern China has unique geological and dry/semi-dry climate characteristics. However, knowledge about ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) communities in the Loess Plateau is limited. In this study, we investigated EMF communities in Populus simonii and Pinus tabuliformis patches within the forest-steppe zone, in pine forests within the forest zone, and the transitional zone between them. We revealed high species richness (115 operational taxonomic units [OTUs]) of indi ...[more]

PMID: 27063338

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Project description:The loess hilly-gully region is a focus region of the "Grain for Green" program in China. Drought is the main problem in the study region. Precipitation and temperature are two indicators that directly characterize climatic drought. A thorough analysis of the precipitation, temperature and drought characteristics of the loess hilly-gully region can clarify the current water and heat conditions in the region to improve regional water resource management and provide a reliable reference for effectively improving water use efficiency. In this study, we fully analyzed the precipitation and temperature characteristics at 11 representative synoptic stations in the loess hilly-gully region over the period from 1957 to 2014 using a combination of trend-free pre-whitening, linear trend estimation, Spearman's rho test, the Mann-Kendall (M-K) trend and abrupt change tests and wavelet analysis. The standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index was calculated and analyzed on different time scales. The following conclusions were drawn: (1) There were significant spatial differences and inter-annual variations in precipitation at the 11 synoptic stations in the study area between 1957 and 2014; the precipitation consistently decreased with fluctuations, and the extent of the decrease varied from a maximum of 17.74 mm/decade to a minimum of 2.92 mm/decade. Except for the downward trends of the autumn and winter mean temperatures at Hequ, the seasonal and annual mean temperatures at the stations showed upward trends, including highly significant upward trends. (2) Alternating drought and wetness occurred in the study area; the wet period mainly appeared in the 1960s, and the main dry period lasted from the late 20th century to 2012. There were fewer dry and wet years than normal years; however, the study area still showed a drying trend, and the severity of the drought was increasing. (3) The annual precipitation and annual mean temperature showed marked cyclical fluctuations at each synoptic station, and the first primary cycle was approximately 28 years. The seasonal precipitation and seasonal temperature showed different cycle lengths; the seasonal cycles of precipitation for spring, summer, autumn and winter were 10, 28, 10 and 26 years long, respectively, and the cycles of the temperature fluctuations for all four seasons were approximately 28 years long.

Project description:BackgroundThe major landscape in the hilly-gully region of the Loess Plateau is greatly affected by vegetation rehabilitation on abandoned cropland. Although many studies have shown that the rehabilitation have greatly improved soil conditions and protected them from erosion, these effectiveness were not always in consensus possibly due to the land type of vegetation or to the rehabilitation time. To close this gap, we conducted a long term experiment as follows.MethodsIn this study, we analysed four land types of vegetation rehabilitation (shrub land, woodland, naturally revegetated grassland, and orchard land) with different rehabilitation times and investigated the mechanical composition and erodibility of the soil. Areas of slope croplandand natural forest were selected as controls.ResultsThe results showed that soil depth, rehabilitation time and rehabilitation land type had strong impacts on soil mechanical composition, micro-aggregation and erodibility. Following rehabilitation, naturally revegetated grassland and shrub land had lower fractal dimensions of particle size distribution (fractal dimensions of PSD), fractal dimensions of micro-aggregation, and erodibility (K factor) than did cropland. Compared to the positive effects of rehabilitation mainly happened in the topsoil layer at other rehabilitation land type, that of woodland happened in the deeper soil layer. Besides, the indispensable rehabilitation time for the significant improvement of soil condition was shorter at naturally revegetated grassland than that at shrub land and woodland.DiscussionAlthough rehabilitation time was more influential than was rehabilitation land type or soil depth, the differences among the rehabilitation land types showed that naturally revegetated grassland with native plants is the most time-saving rehabilitation vegetation for the Loess Plateau in the conversion from slope cropland. The success of rehabilitation in this forestry practice was mainly contributed by the suited species of rehabilitation land type to the local climate and soil. Based on the differences of rehabilitation effectiveness resulting from land type, we should be cautious to choose land types for the rehabilitation of soil conditions in the Loess Plateau.

Project description:In addition to the rhizobia, other non-rhizobial endophytes (NREs) have been simultaneously isolated from the root nodules. The existence of NREs in leguminous root nodules is a universal phenomenon, and they have the potential to enhance legume survival, especially under conditions of environmental stress. However, the diversity and biogeographic patterns of microbial communities inhabiting root nodules are not well studied or understood. Here, we explored and characterized the diversity of NRE bacteria by using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput amplicon sequencing. Additionally, we compared the biogeography and co-occurrence patterns in review of the bacterial microbiota inhabiting the rhizosphere, the bulk soil and the root nodule bacterial communities associated with Sophora davidii, a native N-fixing wild leguminous shrub in hilly and gully regions of the Loess Plateau of China. The results showed the presence of a large diversity of bacteria belonging to 81 phyla, 154 classes, 333 orders, 463 families, and 732 genera inside the nodules. Proteobacteria were dominant in the nodule and rhizosphere soil samples, and Actinomycetes were dominant in the bulk soil samples. Mesorhizobium was the dominant genus in the nodules, accounting for between 60.15 and 83.74% of the bacteria. The microbial community composition of the NRE in the root nodules differed from that in the rhizosphere soil and the bulk soil of S. davidii. Moreover, we found that the biogeographic patterns and assembly process of the rhizobia and non-rhizobia communities differed in the root nodule, the rhizosphere soil and the bulk soil. Furthermore, the correlation analysis between the soil's physical and chemical properties and the bacteria showed that available phosphorus was the predominant factor affecting the bacterial diversity within the rhizosphere soil. Finally, our results revealed that the microbial network diagram of co-occurrence patterns showed more complexes in the soil than in the root nodules. This indicates that only specific microorganisms could colonize and thrive in the rhizosphere through the selection and filtering effects of roots. In conclusion, there are significant differences in bacterial community composition in the nodules, rhizosphere and bulk soil in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau, which is the result of environmental filtration. Our study improves the understanding of the biogeographic patterns and diversity of bacterial microbiota inhabiting root nodules and can help quantify and define the root nodule assemblage process of S. davidii.

Dataset Information

Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities associated with Populus simonii and Pinus tabuliformis in the hilly-gully region of the Loess Plateau, China.

Publications

Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities associated with Populus simonii and Pinus tabuliformis in the hilly-gully region of the Loess Plateau, China.

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