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The Cognitive Change Index as a Measure of Self and Informant Perception of Cognitive Decline: Relation to Neuropsychological Tests.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The perception of cognitive decline by individuals and those who know them well ("informants") has been inconsistently associated with objective cognitive performance, but strongly associated with depressive symptoms. OBJECTIVE:We investigated associations of self-report, informant-report, and discrepancy between self- and informant-report of cognitive decline obtained from the Cognitive Change Index (CCI) with cognitive test performance and self-reported depressive symptoms. METHODS:267 participants with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or mild dementia were included from a cohort study and memory clinic. Association of test performance and self-rated depression (Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS) with CCI scores obtained from subjects (CCI-S), their informants (CCI-I), and discrepancy scores between subjects and informants (CCI-D; CCI-S minus CCI-I) were analyzed using correlation and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models. RESULTS:CCI-S and CCI-I scores showed high internal consistency (Cronbach alpha 0.96 and 0.98, respectively). Higher scores on CCI-S and CCI-I, and lower scores on the CCI-D, were associated with lower performance on various cognitive tests in both univariate and in ANCOVA models adjusted for age, gender, and education. Adjustment for GDS slightly weakened the relationships between CCI and test performance but most remained significant. CONCLUSION:Self- and informant-report of cognitive decline, as measured by the CCI, show moderately strong relationships with objective test performance independent of age, gender, education, and depressive symptoms. The CCI appears to be a valid cross-sectional measure of self and informant perception of cognitive decline across the continuum of functioning. Studies are needed to address the relationship of CCI scores to longitudinal outcome.

SUBMITTER: Rattanabannakit C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4833578 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Cognitive Change Index as a Measure of Self and Informant Perception of Cognitive Decline: Relation to Neuropsychological Tests.

Rattanabannakit Chatchawan C Risacher Shannon L SL Gao Sujuan S Lane Kathleen A KA Brown Steven A SA McDonald Brenna C BC Unverzagt Frederick W FW Apostolova Liana G LG Saykin Andrew J AJ Farlow Martin R MR

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 20160101 4

<h4>Background</h4>The perception of cognitive decline by individuals and those who know them well ("informants") has been inconsistently associated with objective cognitive performance, but strongly associated with depressive symptoms.<h4>Objective</h4>We investigated associations of self-report, informant-report, and discrepancy between self- and informant-report of cognitive decline obtained from the Cognitive Change Index (CCI) with cognitive test performance and self-reported depressive sym ...[more]

PMID: 26923008

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Project description:BackgroundEvidence regarding the role of diet quality, especially its change, in subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is scarce.ObjectivesWe aimed to examine associations of long-term diet quality scores, including the Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), with SCD in the Nurses' Health Study.MethodsWe followed 49,493 female registered nurses (mean age in 1984: 48 y) from 1984 to 2014. Diet scores were derived from 7 repeated FFQs in 1984, 1986, and every 4 y afterward until 2006. Self-reported SCD was assessed in 2012 and 2014 by a 7-item questionnaire on memory and cognition changes. Categorical SCD score was classified as "none" (0 points, 40.8%), "moderate" (0.5-2.5 points, 46.9%), and "severe" (3-7 points, 12.3%).ResultsMultinomial and linear regression models were adjusted for total calorie intake, demographic characteristics, lifestyle, and clinical factors. Comparing the top with the bottom quintiles of AMED, DASH, and AHEI-2010, multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for severe SCD compared with none were 0.57 (0.51, 0.64), 0.61 (0.55, 0.68), and 0.81 (0.73, 0.90), respectively. Similar associations remained for the 3 diet indexes evaluated 28 y before SCD assessment. Compared with participants with the lowest diet quality tertiles in both remote and recent years, the lowest odds of severe SCD were observed among those who maintained the highest diet quality tertiles over time, with 40%, 32%, and 20% lower odds of severe SCD for AMED, DASH, and AHEI-2010, respectively. Moreover, the odds of severe SCD were lower among those with improved diets over time; for each SD higher in diet quality change, the reductions in risk were 11% for AMED, 5% for DASH, and 3% for AHEI-2010, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings support beneficial roles of long-term adherence to, and improvement in, healthy dietary patterns for the maintenance of subjective cognition in women.

Project description:BackgroundSince SCD (plus) was standardized, little is known about its demographic characteristics and its outcomes of neuropsychological assessments, including the SCD questionnaire 9 (SCD-Q9).ObjectiveTo characterize SCD (plus) by comparing the neuropsychological features among its subgroups and with normal controls (NC). Also, to explore its demographics and to understand the relation of the chief complaints and the scores of SCD-Q9.MethodsMultistage stratified cluster random sampling was conducted to select participants. As a result, 84 NC and 517 SCD (plus) were included. SCD (plus) was further classified into several subgroups (SCD-C: concerned cognitive decline; SCD-F: complaints about SCD within the past five years; SCD-P: feeling performance being not as good as their peers; SCD+: presented> 3 of SCD (plus) features; SCD-: presented ? 3 of SCD (plus) features (see the diagnostic criteria for the details)) and between-group comparisons of neuropsychological scores were conducted. Point-biserial correlation and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the demographic characteristics of its subgroups. Finally, Spearman correlation was used to better understand the relation of SCD (plus) to SCD-Q9.Results(1) Scores of AVLT-LR (AVLT-LR: Auditory Verbal Learning Test-Long Delayed Recall) and MoCA-B (MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Basic) were lower in the SCD-P group than those in the NC group, and the SCD+ group scored lower in the MoCA-B and CDT(CDT: Clock Drawing Test) than the SCD- group. (2) Females were more concerned than male participants. Individuals with lower education level felt that their cognitive performance were worse than their peers. Also, younger people might express concerns more than the more elderly. People who had complaints of SCD-P might be more likely to report SCD-C, but less likely to report SCD-F. (3) Positive correlations were found between the chief complaints of SCD (plus) and some items of SCD-Q9.ConclusionsSCD (plus) may be related to demographic factors. Individuals with SCD (plus) already exhibited cognitive impairment, which can be detected by SCD-Q9.

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The Cognitive Change Index as a Measure of Self and Informant Perception of Cognitive Decline: Relation to Neuropsychological Tests.

Publications

The Cognitive Change Index as a Measure of Self and Informant Perception of Cognitive Decline: Relation to Neuropsychological Tests.

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