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Cognition, Depressive Symptoms and Vascular Factors among Southwest Tribal Elders.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Few data exist on cognitive and depressive symptoms and vascular factors in American Indian (AI) elders. Since vascular risk factors increase risk for cognitive impairments, depression and dementia, and since AI elders are at high vascular risk, it is timely to assess the interplay of these factors in comprehensive studies of aging in this population. To begin, pilot studies must be conducted to show these types of data can be collected successfully. DESIGN:A cross-sectional pilot study, the Southwest Heart Mind Study (SHMS). SETTING:Tribal community in the Southwest United States. PARTICIPANTS:AI elders, aged ?55 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Cross-cultural demographic, social network and risk factor surveys; tests of cognition, depression and anxiety; physical measurements; blood biochemistries; and APOE genotyping. RESULTS:SHMS elders were comparable to other rural elder populations on cognitive and depressive symptom scores. The average CogScore was 28.8 (out of 32), the average Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was 6.7 (of 30), and the average Hamilton Anxiety Scale was 1.2 (of 4). 32% possessed at least one APOEe4 allele. High vascular risk was evident: 76% were overweight or obese; 54% self-reported history of hypertension; 24% heart trouble; 32% type 2 diabetes; 35% depression; and 24% a family history of serious memory loss. More than 70% reported prescription medication use. 54% cared for someone besides self. CONCLUSIONS:A better understanding of the burden of vascular risk in relation to cognition and depression among Southwest Tribes is needed.

SUBMITTER: Gachupin F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4836905 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cognition, Depressive Symptoms and Vascular Factors among Southwest Tribal Elders.

Gachupin Francine F Romero Michael D MD Ortega Willa J WJ Jojola Rita R Hendrie Hugh H Torres Eddie Paul Sr EP Lujan Frank F Lente Michael M Sanchez Barbara B Teller Verna V Beita Fernando F Abeita Ulysses U Lente Beatrice B Gustafson Deborah Ruth DR

Ethnicity & disease 20160421 2

<h4>Objective</h4>Few data exist on cognitive and depressive symptoms and vascular factors in American Indian (AI) elders. Since vascular risk factors increase risk for cognitive impairments, depression and dementia, and since AI elders are at high vascular risk, it is timely to assess the interplay of these factors in comprehensive studies of aging in this population. To begin, pilot studies must be conducted to show these types of data can be collected successfully.<h4>Design</h4>A cross-secti ...[more]

PMID: 27103775

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Project description:BackgroundFibromyalgia (FM) patients frequently complain of cognitive problems, but it remains unclear whether these cognitive complaints can be attributed to a dysfunction of the central nervous system or if they can be explained by other factors associated with the disease, such as depression, anxiety and sleep dysfunction.MethodsOne hundred and ten patients with FM were compared with thirty-three patients diagnosed with a depressive disorder (DD) and fifty healthy controls (HC). Several measures of attention and executive functions were used to make these comparisons and the patients were also asked to complete questionnaires on depression, anxiety and sleep quality. Univariate analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) were performed to identify and control confounders and multiple linear models were used to examine the effects of fibromyalgia and depression on cognitive measures.ResultsFM and HC differed significantly with respect to depression, anxiety and sleep dysfunction, whereas FM and DD did not differ in terms of symptoms of depression and anxiety. However, FM was associated with a worse quality of sleep than DD. Comparisons of cognitive performance between groups showed that short-term and working memory and inattention measures were only associated with symptoms of depression, whereas selective attention was associated with both depression and fibromyalgia, and processing speed, cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control showed a significant interaction between depression and fibromyalgia. Moreover, cognitive flexibility and inhibition abilities were specifically associated with FM.ConclusionFM patients show a cluster of cognitive impairment in the attentional and executive domains, although some of the symptoms observed could be explained by the severity of the symptoms of depression, while others seem to depend on the effects of fibromyalgia. Implications of the findings for the understanding and management of cognitive impairment of FM patients are discussed.

Dataset Information

Cognition, Depressive Symptoms and Vascular Factors among Southwest Tribal Elders.

Publications

Cognition, Depressive Symptoms and Vascular Factors among Southwest Tribal Elders.

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