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Effect of long-term vitamin E and selenium supplementation on urine F2-isoprostanes, a biomarker of oxidative stress.

ABSTRACT: Cigarette smoking generates reactive oxidant species and contributes to systemic oxidative stress, which plays a role in the pathophysiology of chronic diseases. Nutrients with antioxidant properties, including vitamin E and selenium, are proposed to reduce systemic oxidative burden and thus to mitigate the negative health effects of reactive oxidant species.Our objective was to determine whether long-term supplementation with vitamin E and/or selenium reduces oxidative stress in smokers, as measured by urine 8-iso-prostaglandin F2-alpha (8-iso-PGF2?).We measured urine 8-iso-PGF2? with competitive enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) in 312 male current smokers after 36 months of intervention in a randomized placebo-controlled trial of vitamin E (400IU/d all rac-?-tocopheryl acetate) and/or selenium (200µg/d L-selenomethionine). We used linear regression to estimate the effect of intervention on urine 8-iso-PGF2?, with adjustments for age and race.Compared to placebo, vitamin E alone lowered urine 8-iso-PGF2? by 21% (p=0.02); there was no effect of combined vitamin E and selenium (intervention arm lower by 9%; p=0.37) or selenium alone (intervention arm higher by 8%; p=0.52).Long-term vitamin E supplementation decreases urine 8-iso-PGF2? among male cigarette smokers, but we observed little to no evidence for an effect of selenium supplementation, alone or combined with vitamin E.

SUBMITTER: Guertin KA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4867301 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of long-term vitamin E and selenium supplementation on urine F2-isoprostanes, a biomarker of oxidative stress.

Guertin Kristin A KA Grant Rachael K RK Arnold Kathryn B KB Burwell Lindsay L Hartline JoAnn J Goodman Phyllis J PJ Minasian Lori M LM Lippman Scott M SM Klein Eric E Cassano Patricia A PA

Free radical biology & medicine 20160322

<h4>Background</h4>Cigarette smoking generates reactive oxidant species and contributes to systemic oxidative stress, which plays a role in the pathophysiology of chronic diseases. Nutrients with antioxidant properties, including vitamin E and selenium, are proposed to reduce systemic oxidative burden and thus to mitigate the negative health effects of reactive oxidant species.<h4>Objective</h4>Our objective was to determine whether long-term supplementation with vitamin E and/or selenium reduce ...[more]

PMID: 27012420

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Project description:IntroductionIt has been suggested that vitamin D is effective to prevent mortality. However, there is no consistent conclusion that the effects of vitamin D supplementation on all-cause mortality are associated with duration of treatment. We conducted a meta-analysis regarding this issue in an effort to provide a more robust answer.MethodsA comprehensive search in a number of databases, including MEDLINE, Embase and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, was conducted for collecting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on vitamin D supplementation preventing mortality. Two investigators independently screened the literature according to the inclusive and exclusive criteria and the relative data were extracted. Data analysis was performed by using Review Manager 5.0 software.ResultsData from forty-two RCT s were included. Vitamin D therapy significantly decreased all-cause mortality with a duration of follow-up longer than 3 years with a RR (95% CI) of 0.94 (0.90-0.98). No benefit was seen in a shorter follow-up periods with a RR (95% CI) of 1.04 (0.97-1.12). Results remain robust after sensitivity analysis. The following subgroups of long-term follow-up had significantly fewer deaths: female only, participants with a mean age younger than 80, daily dose of 800 IU or less, participants with vitamin D insufficiency (baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D level less than 50 nmol/L) and cholecalciferol therapy. In addition, the combination of vitamin D and calcium significantly reduced mortality and vitamin D alone also had a trend to decrease mortality in a longer time follow up.ConclusionsThe data suggest that supplementation of vitamin D is effective in preventing overall mortality in a long-term treatment, whereas it is not significantly effective in a treatment duration shorter than 3 years. Future studies are needed to identify the efficacy of vitamin D on specific mortality, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease mortality in a long-term treatment duration.

Project description:Oxidative stress is implicated in prostate cancer by several lines of evidence. We studied the relationship between the level of F2-isoprostanes, a validated biomarker of oxidative stress, and prostate cancer and high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.This case-control analysis within the Nashville Men's Health Study included men recruited at prostate biopsy. Body morphometrics, health history and urine were collected from more than 2,000 men before biopsy. F2-isoprostanes were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry within an age matched sample of Nashville Men's Health Study participants that included 140 patients with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, 160 biopsy negative controls and 200 prostate cancer cases. Multivariable linear and logistic regression was used to determine the associations between F2-isoprostane level, and high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer.Mean patient age was 66.9 years (SD 7.2) and 10.1% were nonwhite. Adjusted geometric mean F2-isoprostane levels were higher in patients with prostate cancer (1.82, 95% CI 1.66-2.00) or high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (1.82, 95% CI 1.68-1.96) than in controls (1.63, 95% CI 1.49-1.78, p <0.001), but were similar across Gleason scores (p = 0.511). The adjusted odds of high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer increased with increasing F2-isoprostane quartile (p-trend = 0.015 and 0.047, respectively) and the highest F2-isoprostane quartile was associated with significantly increased odds of prostate cancer (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.17-5.09, p = 0.017).Pre-diagnosis urine F2-isoprostane level is increased in men with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia or prostate cancer, suggesting urinary F2-isoprostane provides a biomarker for the role for oxidative stress in prostate carcinogenesis. F2-isoprostanes may also serve to estimate the efficacy of interventions targeting oxidative stress mechanisms in prostate cancer prevention or treatment.

Project description:BackgroundPoor birth outcomes such as preterm birth/delivery disproportionately affect African Americans compared to White individuals. Reasons for this disparity are likely multifactorial, and include prenatal psychosocial stressors, and attendant increased lipid peroxidation; however, empirical data linking psychosocial stressors during pregnancy to oxidative status are limited.MethodsWe used established scales to measure five psychosocial stressors. Maternal adverse childhood experiences, financial stress, social support, anxiety, and depression were measured among 50 African American and White pregnant women enrolled in the Stress and Health in Pregnancy cohort. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure biomarkers of oxidative stress (four urinary F2-isoprostane isomers), to estimate oxidative status. Linear regression models were used to evaluate associations between psychosocial stressors, prenatal oxidative status and preterm birth.ResultsAfter adjusting for maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, and cigarette smoking, African American women with higher oxidative status were more likely to report higher maternal adverse childhood experience scores (β = 0.16, se = 1.07, p-value = 0.024) and depression scores (β = 0.05, se = 0.02, p = 0.014). Higher oxidative status was also associated with lower gestational age at birth (β = -0.13, se = 0.06, p = 0.04) in this population. These associations were not apparent in Whites. However, none of the cross-product terms for race/ethnicity and social stressors reached statistical significance (p > 0.05).ConclusionWhile the small sample size limits inference, our novel data suggest that psychosocial stressors may contribute significantly to oxidative stress during pregnancy, and preterm birth or delivery African Americans. If replicated in larger studies, these findings would support oxidative stress reduction using established dietary or pharmacological approaches present a potential avenue to mitigate adverse effects of psychosocial stressors on birth outcomes.

Dataset Information

Effect of long-term vitamin E and selenium supplementation on urine F2-isoprostanes, a biomarker of oxidative stress.

Publications

Effect of long-term vitamin E and selenium supplementation on urine F2-isoprostanes, a biomarker of oxidative stress.

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