Dataset Information

Associations between whole peripheral blood fatty acids and DNA methylation in humans.

ABSTRACT: Fatty acids (FA) modify DNA methylation in vitro, but limited information is available on whether corresponding associations exist in vivo and reflect any short-term effect of the diet. Associations between global DNA methylation and FAs were sought in blood from lactating infants (LI; n?=?49) and adult males (AMM; n?=?12) equally distributed across the three conventional BMI classes. AMM provided multiple samples at 2-hour intervals during 8?hours after either a single Western diet-representative meal (post-prandial samples) or no meal (fasting samples). Lipid/glucose profile, HDAC4 promoter and PDK4 5'UTR methylation were determined in AMM. Multiple regression analysis revealed that global (in LI) and both global and PDK4-specific DNA methylation (in AMM) were positively associated with eicosapentaenoic and arachidonic acid. HDAC4 methylation was inversely associated with arachidonic acid post-prandially in AMM. Global DNA methylation did not show any defined within-day pattern that would suggest a short-term response to the diet. Nonetheless, global DNA methylation was higher in normal weight subjects both post-prandially and in fasting and coincided with higher polyunsaturated relative to monounsaturated and saturated FAs. We show for the first time strong associations of DNA methylation with specific FAs in two human cohorts of distinct age, diet and postnatal development stage.

SUBMITTER: de la Rocha C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4867649 | biostudies-literature | 2016 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Associations between whole peripheral blood fatty acids and DNA methylation in humans.

de la Rocha Carmen C Pérez-Mojica J Eduardo JE León Silvia Zenteno-De SZ Cervantes-Paz Braulio B Tristán-Flores Fabiola E FE Rodríguez-Ríos Dalia D Molina-Torres Jorge J Ramírez-Chávez Enrique E Alvarado-Caudillo Yolanda Y Carmona F Javier FJ Esteller Manel M Hernández-Rivas Rosaura R Wrobel Katarzyna K Wrobel Kazimierz K Zaina Silvio S Lund Gertrud G

Scientific reports 20160516

Fatty acids (FA) modify DNA methylation in vitro, but limited information is available on whether corresponding associations exist in vivo and reflect any short-term effect of the diet. Associations between global DNA methylation and FAs were sought in blood from lactating infants (LI; n = 49) and adult males (AMM; n = 12) equally distributed across the three conventional BMI classes. AMM provided multiple samples at 2-hour intervals during 8 hours after either a single Western diet-representati ...[more]

PMID: 27181711

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Project description:This study aims to examine the association of whole blood n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with insulin resistance (IR) in children. Whole blood fatty acids were measured in 705 children aged 2-9 years of the European IDEFICS/I.Family cohort using gas chromatography in units of weight percentage of all detected fatty acids (%wt/wt). IR was determined by the Homeostasis Model Assessment for IR (HOMA). Mixed effect models were used to assess the associations between selected baseline PUFA and HOMA z-scores at baseline and after 2- and 6-year follow-ups using models with basic and additional confounder adjustment as well as stratified by sex and weight status. In the basic model, α-linolenic (β = 1.46 SD/%wt/wt, p = 0.006) and eicosapentaenoic acid (β = 1.17 SD/%wt/wt, p = 0.001) were positively associated with baseline HOMA z-score. In the stratified analyses, α-linolenic acid was positively associated with HOMA z-score in girls only (β = 1.98 SD/%wt/wt, p = 0.006) and arachidonic acid was inversely associated with baseline HOMA in thin/normal-weight children (β = - 0.13 SD/%wt/wt, p = 0.0063). In the fully adjusted model, no statistically significant associations were seen.Conclusions: Our overall results do not indicate a protective role of higher blood n-3 PUFA or an adverse role of higher blood arachidonic acid proportion on the risk of IR. What is Known: •Intervention studies reported a beneficial effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation on insulin resistance compared with placebo while observational studies in cildren are inconclusive. •Studies have shown a positive association of n-6 arachidonic acid and insulin resistance indicating an adverse role of arachidonic acid. What is New: •Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses based on circulating blood fatty acid concentrations in a large cohort of European children and adolescents. •Overall results do not support a protective role of n-3 PUFA or an adverse role of arachidonic acid in insulin resistance.

Dataset Information

Associations between whole peripheral blood fatty acids and DNA methylation in humans.

Publications

Associations between whole peripheral blood fatty acids and DNA methylation in humans.

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