Dataset Information

Household HIV Testing Uptake among Contacts of TB Patients in South Africa.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In high HIV prevalence settings, offering HIV testing may be a reasonable part of contact tracing of index tuberculosis (TB) patients. We evaluated the uptake of HIV counselling and testing (HCT) among household contacts of index TB patients and the proportion of newly diagnosed HIV-infected persons linked into care as part of a household TB contact tracing study.

Methods

We recruited index TB patients at public health clinics in two South African provinces to obtain consent for household contact tracing. During scheduled household visits we offered TB symptom screening to all household members and HCT to individuals ?14years of age. Factors associated with HCT uptake were investigated using a random effects logistic regression model.

Results & discussion

Out of 1,887 listed household members ?14 years old, 984 (52%) were available during a household visit and offered HCT of which 108 (11%) self-reported being HIV infected and did not undergo HCT. Of the remaining 876, a total of 304 agreed to HCT (35%); 26 (8.6%) were newly diagnosed as HIV positive. In multivariable analysis, factors associated with uptake of HCT were prior testing (odds ratio 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-2.3) and another member in the household testing (odds ratio 2.4; 95% CI: 1.7-3.4). Within 3 months of testing HIV-positive, 35% reported initiating HIV care.

Conclusion

HCT as a component of household TB contact tracing reached individuals without prior HIV testing, however uptake of HIV testing was poor. Strategies to improve HIV testing in household contacts should be evaluated.

SUBMITTER: Velen K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4873208 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Household HIV Testing Uptake among Contacts of TB Patients in South Africa.

Velen Kavindhran K Lewis James J JJ Charalambous Salome S Page-Shipp Liesl L Popane Flora F Churchyard Gavin J GJ Hoffmann Christopher J CJ

PloS one 20160519 5

<h4>Background</h4>In high HIV prevalence settings, offering HIV testing may be a reasonable part of contact tracing of index tuberculosis (TB) patients. We evaluated the uptake of HIV counselling and testing (HCT) among household contacts of index TB patients and the proportion of newly diagnosed HIV-infected persons linked into care as part of a household TB contact tracing study.<h4>Methods</h4>We recruited index TB patients at public health clinics in two South African provinces to obtain co ...[more]

PMID: 27195957

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundContact tracing, to identify source cases with untreated tuberculosis (TB), is rarely performed in high disease burden settings when the index case is a young child with TB. As TB is strongly associated with HIV infection in these settings, we used source case investigation to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed TB and HIV in the caregivers and household contacts of hospitalised young children diagnosed with TB in South Africa.MethodsCaregivers and household contacts of 576 young children (age ≤7 years) with TB diagnosed between May 2010 and August 2012 were screened for TB and HIV. The primary outcome was the detection of laboratory-confirmed, newly-diagnosed TB disease and/or HIV-infection in close contacts.ResultsOf 576 caregivers, 301 (52·3%) self-reported HIV-positivity. Newly-diagnosed HIV infection was detected in 63 (22·9%) of the remaining 275 caregivers who self-reported an unknown or negative HIV status. Screening identified 133 (23·1%) caregivers eligible for immediate anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Newly-diagnosed TB disease was detected in 23 (4·0%) caregivers. In non-caregiver household contacts (n = 1341), the prevalence of newly-diagnosed HIV infection and TB disease was 10·0% and 3·2% respectively. On average, screening contacts of every nine children with TB resulted in the identification of one case of newly-diagnosed TB disease, three cases of newly diagnosed HIV-infection, and three HIV-infected persons eligible for ART.ConclusionIn high burden countries, source case investigation yields high rates of previously undiagnosed HIV and TB infection in the close contacts of hospitalised young children diagnosed with TB. Furthermore, integrated screening identifies many individuals who are eligible for immediate ART. Similar studies, with costing analyses, should be undertaken in other high burden settings-integrated source case investigation for TB and HIV should be routinely undertaken if our findings are confirmed.

Dataset Information

Household HIV Testing Uptake among Contacts of TB Patients in South Africa.

Background

Methods

Results & discussion

Conclusion

Publications

Household HIV Testing Uptake among Contacts of TB Patients in South Africa.

Similar Datasets

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