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The IMPACT study: a prospective evaluation of the effects of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% on ocular surface staining and visual performance in patients with dry eye.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% on ocular surface staining and visual performance in patients with dry eye. METHODS:This was a single-center, 6-month, open-label, Phase IV study. Patients with bilateral dry eye disease and a symptom score of ?2 on the Ocular Discomfort and 4-Symptom Questionnaire, an Ocular Surface Disease Index score of >12, at least one eye with Schirmer's score <10 mm/5 minutes, and central corneal staining graded as ?2 on the Ora Calibra™ Corneal and Conjunctival Staining Scale were enrolled. Cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% (Restasis(®)) was instilled twice daily in each eye. The primary efficacy endpoints were ocular surface staining and visual function at 6 months. Secondary outcome measures included Schirmer's test, tear film breakup time, symptoms, and adverse events. RESULTS:A total of 40 patients with the mean age of 59.4 years (range, 40-78 years) were enrolled; 35 (87.5%) were female and 37 (92.5%) completed the study. At 6 months, inferior corneal, central corneal, total corneal, and total ocular surface fluorescein staining were significantly improved from baseline in both eyes (P<0.001). Patient responses on the Ocular Surface Disease Index showed significant improvement in blurred vision and visual function related to reading, driving at night, working with a computer or bank machine, and watching television (P?0.041). At 6 months, 35.1% of patients achieved ?5 mm improvement and 18.9% achieved ?10 mm improvement in the average eye Schirmer score. Mean tear film breakup time improved by >50% in both eyes (P>0.001). Patients reported significant improvement in ocular discomfort and dry eye symptoms (P<0.001). No patients discontinued treatment because of stinging or any other ocular adverse event. CONCLUSION:Dry eye patients with difficulties with day-to-day visual function demonstrated improvement in both signs and symptoms of dry eye and reported improved visual function after 6 months of treatment with cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05%.

SUBMITTER: Stonecipher KG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4874635 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The IMPACT study: a prospective evaluation of the effects of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% on ocular surface staining and visual performance in patients with dry eye.

Stonecipher Karl G KG Torkildsen Gail L GL Ousler George W GW Morris Scot S Villanueva Linda L Hollander David A DA

Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 20160513

<h4>Objective</h4>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% on ocular surface staining and visual performance in patients with dry eye.<h4>Methods</h4>This was a single-center, 6-month, open-label, Phase IV study. Patients with bilateral dry eye disease and a symptom score of ≥2 on the Ocular Discomfort and 4-Symptom Questionnaire, an Ocular Surface Disease Index score of >12, at least one eye with Schirmer's score <10 mm/5 minutes, and central c ...[more]

PMID: 27257373

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Project description:BackgroundDry eye disease (DED) is a chronic ocular surface disease that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Although 0.05% cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion (CsA OE) has long been prescribed in the U.S. for the treatment of DED, it is not commercially available in China. Our study aims to compare the efficacy and safety profile of 0.05% CsA OE versus vehicle in Chinese patients with moderate to severe DED.MethodsThis was a multicenter, randomized, double-masked, 2-parallel-arm, 3-month phase III study. Patients with moderate to severe DED were randomized to receive twice-daily 0.05% CsA OE or its vehicle, along with unpreserved hypromellose eye drops 3 times per day. Patients were followed up at day 7, 28, 56, and 84, as well as 2 weeks after the medications were discontinued for safety assessment.ResultsA total of 240 patients were randomized. The overall effective rate (OER) and efficacy index were significantly better in the CsA OE than vehicle group at all follow up times (all P?<?.05), and the OER of CsA OE and vehicle group at month 3 was 70.6% and 27.8%, respectively (P?<?.001) (primary endpoint). The patients in CsA OE group displayed a significant improvement in dry eye symptoms from day 28 and ocular surface test results from day 7 (all P?<?.05). The ocular surface disease index scores of 0.05% CsA OE treated patients were significantly better than those treated with vehicle control at day 56 and 84 (P?=?.0061 and <.001, respectively). Drug related adverse events (AEs) were recorded in 6(5%) and 3(2.5%) patients in the CsA OE and vehicle groups respectively (P?=?.4061) with ocular pain as the most frequently reported AEs, and it was mostly mild to moderate. There were no detrimental effects on visual acuity, intraocular pressure, or vital signs.ConclusionsTwice-daily instillation of 0.05% CsA OE was effective and well tolerated for the treatment of moderate to severe DED in Chinese population during the 3 months of the study.

Project description:IMPORTANCE:Clinical features are unreliable for distinguishing ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) from benign conjunctival lesions. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the adverse effects, accuracy, and interobserver variation of toluidine blue 0.05% vital staining in distinguishing OSSN, confirmed by histopathology, from other conjunctival lesions. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:Cross-sectional study in Kenya from July 2012 through July 2014 of 419 adults with suspicious conjunctival lesions. Pregnant and breastfeeding women were excluded. EXPOSURES:Comprehensive ophthalmic slitlamp examination was conducted. Vital staining with toluidine blue 0.05% aqueous solution was performed before surgery. Initial safety testing was conducted on large tumors scheduled for exenteration looking for corneal toxicity on histology before testing smaller tumors. We asked about pain or discomfort after staining and evaluated the cornea at the slitlamp for epithelial defects. Lesions were photographed before and after staining. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology. Six examiners assessed photographs from a subset of 100 consecutive participants for staining and made a diagnosis of OSSN vs non-OSSN. Staining was compared with histopathology to estimate sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. Adverse effects were enumerated. Interobserver agreement was estimated using the ? statistic. RESULTS:A total of 143 of 419 participants (34%) had OSSN by histopathology. The median age of all participants was 37 years (interquartile range, 32-45 years) and 278 (66%) were female. A total of 322 of the 419 participants had positive staining while 2 of 419 were equivocal. There was no histological evidence of corneal toxicity. Mild discomfort was reported by 88 (21%) and mild superficial punctate keratopathy seen in 7 (1.7%). For detecting OSSN, toluidine blue had a sensitivity of 92% (95% CI, 87%-96%), specificity of 31% (95% CI, 25%-36%), positive predictive value of 41% (95% CI, 35%-46%), and negative predictive value of 88% (95% CI, 80%-94%). Interobserver agreement was substantial for staining (??=?0.76) and moderate for diagnosis (??=?0.40). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:With the high sensitivity and low specificity for OSSN compared with histopathology among patients with conjunctival lesions, toluidine blue 0.05% vital staining is a good screening tool. However, it is not a good diagnostic tool owing to a high frequency of false-positives. The high negative predictive value suggests that a negative staining result indicates that OSSN is relatively unlikely.

Dataset Information

The IMPACT study: a prospective evaluation of the effects of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% on ocular surface staining and visual performance in patients with dry eye.

Publications

The IMPACT study: a prospective evaluation of the effects of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% on ocular surface staining and visual performance in patients with dry eye.

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