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The influenza A virus NS genome segment displays lineage-specific patterns in predicted RNA secondary structure.

ABSTRACT: Influenza A virus (IAV) is a segmented negative-sense RNA virus that causes seasonal epidemics and periodic pandemics in humans. Two regions (nucleotide positions 82-148 and 497-564) in the positive-sense RNA of the NS segment fold into a multi-branch loop or hairpin structures.We studied 25,384 NS segment positive-sense RNA unique sequences of human and non-human IAVs in order to predict secondary RNA structures of the 82-148 and 497-564 regions using RNAfold software, and determined their host- and lineage-specific distributions. Hairpins prevailed in avian and avian-origin human IAVs, including H1N1pdm1918 and H5N1. In human and swine IAV hairpins distribution varied between evolutionary lineages.These results suggest a possible functional role for these RNA secondary structures and the need for experimental evaluation of these structures in the influenza life cycle.

SUBMITTER: Vasin AV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4875733 | biostudies-literature | 2016 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The influenza A virus NS genome segment displays lineage-specific patterns in predicted RNA secondary structure.

Vasin A V AV Petrova A V AV Egorov V V VV Plotnikova M A MA Klotchenko S A SA Karpenko M N MN Kiselev O I OI

BMC research notes 20160520

<h4>Background</h4>Influenza A virus (IAV) is a segmented negative-sense RNA virus that causes seasonal epidemics and periodic pandemics in humans. Two regions (nucleotide positions 82-148 and 497-564) in the positive-sense RNA of the NS segment fold into a multi-branch loop or hairpin structures.<h4>Results</h4>We studied 25,384 NS segment positive-sense RNA unique sequences of human and non-human IAVs in order to predict secondary RNA structures of the 82-148 and 497-564 regions using RNAfold ...[more]

PMID: 27206548

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Project description:The orthoreoviruses are infectious agents that possess a genome comprised of 10 double-stranded RNA segments encased in two concentric protein capsids. Like virtually all RNA viruses, an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) enzyme is required for viral propagation. RdRp sequences have been determined for the prototype mammalian orthoreoviruses and for several other closely-related reoviruses, including aquareoviruses, but have not yet been reported for any avian orthoreoviruses.We determined the L2 genome segment nucleotide sequences, which encode the RdRp proteins, of two different avian reoviruses, strains ARV138 and ARV176 in order to define conserved and variable regions within reovirus RdRp proteins and to better delineate structure/function of this important enzyme. The ARV138 L2 genome segment was 3829 base pairs long, whereas the ARV176 L2 segment was 3830 nucleotides long. Both segments were predicted to encode lambdaB RdRp proteins 1259 amino acids in length. Alignments of these newly-determined ARV genome segments, and their corresponding proteins, were performed with all currently available homologous mammalian reovirus (MRV) and aquareovirus (AqRV) genome segment and protein sequences. There was approximately 55% amino acid identity between ARV lambdaB and MRV lambda3 proteins, making the RdRp protein the most highly conserved of currently known orthoreovirus proteins, and there was approximately 28% identity between ARV lambdaB and homologous MRV and AqRV RdRp proteins. Predictive structure/function mapping of identical and conserved residues within the known MRV lambda3 atomic structure indicated most identical amino acids and conservative substitutions were located near and within predicted catalytic domains and lining RdRp channels, whereas non-identical amino acids were generally located on the molecule's surfaces.The ARV lambdaB and MRV lambda3 proteins showed the highest ARV:MRV identity values (approximately 55%) amongst all currently known ARV and MRV proteins. This implies significant evolutionary constraints are placed on dsRNA RdRp molecules, particularly in regions comprising the canonical polymerase motifs and residues thought to interact directly with template and nascent mRNA. This may point the way to improved design of anti-viral agents specifically targeting this enzyme.

Dataset Information

The influenza A virus NS genome segment displays lineage-specific patterns in predicted RNA secondary structure.

Publications

The influenza A virus NS genome segment displays lineage-specific patterns in predicted RNA secondary structure.

Similar Datasets

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