Dataset Information

No Association between Dietary Patterns and Risk for Cognitive Decline in Older Women with 9-Year Follow-Up: Data from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study.

ABSTRACT: Data on the association between dietary patterns and age-related cognitive decline are inconsistent.To determine whether dietary patterns assessed by the alternate Mediterranean diet score (aMED), the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010), the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), or the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet score are associated with cognitive decline in older women, and to examine whether dietary patterns modify the risk for cognitive decline in women with hypertension.Prospective, longitudinal cohort study. Food frequency questionnaires were used to derive dietary patterns at baseline. Hypertension was defined as self-report of current drug therapy for hypertension or clinic measurement of systolic blood pressure ?140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ?90 mm Hg.Postmenopausal women (N=6,425) aged 65 to 79 years who participated in the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study and were cognitively intact at baseline.Cognitive decline was defined as cases of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or probable dementia (PD). Cases were identified through rigorous screening and expert adjudication.Cox proportional hazards models with multivariable adjustment were used to estimate the relative risk for developing MCI or PD.During a median follow-up of 9.11 years, we documented 499 cases of MCI and 390 of PD. In multivariable analyses we did not detect any statistically significant relationships across quintiles of aMED, HEI-2010, DASH, and AHEI-2010 scores and MCI or PD (P values for trend=0.30, 0.44, 0.23, and 0.45). In women with hypertension, we found no significant association between dietary patterns and cognitive decline (P values for trend=0.19, 0.08, 0.07, and 0.60).Dietary patterns characterized by the aMED, HEI-2010, AHEI-2010, or DASH dietary score were not associated with cognitive decline in older women. Adherence to a healthy dietary pattern did not modify the risk for cognitive decline in women with hypertension.

SUBMITTER: Haring B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4884559 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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No Association between Dietary Patterns and Risk for Cognitive Decline in Older Women with 9-Year Follow-Up: Data from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study.

Haring Bernhard B Wu Chunyuan C Mossavar-Rahmani Yasmin Y Snetselaar Linda L Brunner Robert R Wallace Robert B RB Neuhouser Marian L ML Wassertheil-Smoller Sylvia S

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 20160331 6

<h4>Background</h4>Data on the association between dietary patterns and age-related cognitive decline are inconsistent.<h4>Objective</h4>To determine whether dietary patterns assessed by the alternate Mediterranean diet score (aMED), the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010), the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), or the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet score are associated with cognitive decline in older women, and to examine whether dietary patterns modify the ris ...[more]

PMID: 27050728

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Project description:IntroductionA decade after stroke, young stroke survivors continue to suffer from cognitive impairment. However, it is not known whether this long-term cognitive outcome is caused in part by further cognitive decline or solely by incomplete recovery from the acute effects of ischemic stroke. We studied changes in three cognitive domains over a 9-year follow-up period after first-ever and only ischemic stroke.Patients and methodsIn this prospective, two-center cohort study, we recruited consecutive 18-65 year-old patients with acute stroke between 2007 and 2009, along with demographically matched stroke-free controls. We performed comprehensive neuropsychological assessments at 3 months, 2, and 9 years after stroke, and we also performed neurological examinations at the time of inclusion and at the 9-year follow-up. We assessed the associations among stroke, follow-up time and long-term cognitive outcomes using repeated-measures analysis of variance.ResultsThe subjects comprised 85 patients who had had their first-ever and only ischemic stroke (mean age 53 years at inclusion), along with 31 stroke-free demographic controls. We compared the cognitive changes in patients to those in controls over a 9-year follow-up. After initial recovery between 3 months and 2 years after stroke, patients showed a decline in memory between 2 and 9 years after stroke compared to controls within the same time interval (immediate recall p < 0.001; delayed recall p < 0.001; list learning p < 0.001). Other than memory, we found no difference in cognitive changes between poststroke patients and controls.DiscussionOur main finding was memory decline over a decade in young first-ever stroke patients with no further stroke or neurodegenerative disease. Our study extends the previous results of further memory decline in elderly stroke survivors to young stroke survivors.ConclusionYoung stroke survivors might be at risk of memory decline over the decade following the stroke.

Project description:Objective To test the hypotheses that physical activity in midlife is not associated with a reduced risk of dementia and that the preclinical phase of dementia is characterised by a decline in physical activity.Design Prospective cohort study with a mean follow-up of 27 years.Setting Civil service departments in London (Whitehall II study).Participants 10?308 participants aged 35-55 years at study inception (1985-88). Exposures included time spent in mild, moderate to vigorous, and total physical activity assessed seven times between 1985 and 2013 and categorised as "recommended" if duration of moderate to vigorous physical activity was 2.5 hours/week or more.Main outcome measures A battery of cognitive tests was administered up to four times from 1997 to 2013, and incident dementia cases (n=329) were identified through linkage to hospital, mental health services, and mortality registers until 2015.Results Mixed effects models showed no association between physical activity and subsequent 15 year cognitive decline. Similarly, Cox regression showed no association between physical activity and risk of dementia over an average 27 year follow-up (hazard ratio in the "recommended" physical activity category 1.00, 95% confidence interval 0.80 to 1.24). For trajectories of hours/week of total, mild, and moderate to vigorous physical activity in people with dementia compared with those without dementia (all others), no differences were observed between 28 and 10 years before diagnosis of dementia. However, physical activity in people with dementia began to decline up to nine years before diagnosis (difference in moderate to vigorous physical activity -0.39 hours/week; P=0.05), and the difference became more pronounced (-1.03 hours/week; P=0.005) at diagnosis.Conclusion This study found no evidence of a neuroprotective effect of physical activity. Previous findings showing a lower risk of dementia in physically active people may be attributable to reverse causation-that is, due to a decline in physical activity levels in the preclinical phase of dementia.

Dataset Information

No Association between Dietary Patterns and Risk for Cognitive Decline in Older Women with 9-Year Follow-Up: Data from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study.

Publications

No Association between Dietary Patterns and Risk for Cognitive Decline in Older Women with 9-Year Follow-Up: Data from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study.

Similar Datasets

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