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Leaving the lysosome behind: novel developments in autophagy inhibition.

ABSTRACT: The search for a single silver bullet for the treatment of cancer has now been overshadowed by the identification of multiple therapeutic targets unique to each malignancy and even to each patient. In recent years, autophagy has emerged as one such therapeutic target. In response to both therapeutic and oncogenic stress, cancer cells upregulate and demonstrate an increased dependence upon this intracellular recycling process. Particularly in malignancies that currently lack targeted therapeutic options, autophagy inhibitors are the next hopeful prospects for the treatment of this disease. In this review, we discuss the rapid evolution of autophagy inhibitors from early lysosomotropic agents to next-generation lysosome-targeted drugs and beyond.

SUBMITTER: Solitro AR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4886745 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Leaving the lysosome behind: novel developments in autophagy inhibition.

Solitro Abigail R AR MacKeigan Jeffrey P JP

Future medicinal chemistry 20151221 1

The search for a single silver bullet for the treatment of cancer has now been overshadowed by the identification of multiple therapeutic targets unique to each malignancy and even to each patient. In recent years, autophagy has emerged as one such therapeutic target. In response to both therapeutic and oncogenic stress, cancer cells upregulate and demonstrate an increased dependence upon this intracellular recycling process. Particularly in malignancies that currently lack targeted therapeutic ...[more]

PMID: 26689099

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Project description:BackgroundFinancial hardship (of health care) is a global and a national priority area. All people should be protected from financial hardship to ensure inclusive better health outcome. However, financial hardship of healthcare has not been well studied in Ethiopia in general and in Debre Tabor town in particular. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the incidence of financial hardship of healthcare and associated factors among households in Debre Tabor town.MethodsCommunity based cross sectional study was conducted, from May 24/2022 to June 17/2022, on 423 (selected through simple random sampling) households. Financial hardship was measured through catastrophic (using 10% threshold level) and impoverishing (using $1.90 poverty line) health expenditures. Patient perspective bottom up and prevalence based costing approach were used. Indirect cost was estimated through human capital approach. Bi-variable and multiple logistic regressions were used.ResultsThe response rate was 95%. The mean household annual healthcare expenditure was Ethiopian birr 12050.64 ($227.37). About 37.1% (95%CI: 32, 42%) of the households spend catastrophic health expenditure with a 10% threshold level and 10.4% of households were impoverished with $1.90 per day poverty line. Being old, with age above 60, (AOR: 4.21, CI: 1.23, 14.45), being non-insured (AOR: 2.19, CI: 1.04, 4.62), chronically ill (AOR: 7.20, CI: 3.64, 14.26), seeking traditional healthcare (AOR: 2.63, CI: 1.37. 5.05) and being socially unsupported (AOR: 2.77, CI: 1.25, 6.17) were statistically significant factors for catastrophic health expenditure.ConclusionThe study showed that significant number of households was not yet protected from financial hardship of healthcare. The financial hardship of health care is stronger among the less privileged populations: non-insured, the chronically diseased, the elder and socially unsupported. Therefore, financial risk protection strategies should be strengthened by the concerned bodies.

Dataset Information

Leaving the lysosome behind: novel developments in autophagy inhibition.

Publications

Leaving the lysosome behind: novel developments in autophagy inhibition.

Similar Datasets

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