Dataset Information

Longitudinal Analysis of Image Time Series with Diffeomorphic Deformations: A Computational Framework Based on Stationary Velocity Fields.

ABSTRACT: We propose and detail a deformation-based morphometry computational framework, called Longitudinal Log-Demons Framework (LLDF), to estimate the longitudinal brain deformations from image data series, transport them in a common space and perform statistical group-wise analyses. It is based on freely available software and tools, and consists of three main steps: (i) Pre-processing, (ii) Position correction, and (iii) Non-linear deformation analysis. It is based on the LCC log-Demons non-linear symmetric diffeomorphic registration algorithm with an additional modulation of the similarity term using a confidence mask to increase the robustness with respect to brain boundary intensity artifacts. The pipeline is exemplified on the longitudinal Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS) database and all the parameters values are given so that the study can be reproduced. We investigate the group-wise differences between the patients with Alzheimer's disease and the healthy control group, and show that the proposed pipeline increases the sensitivity with no decrease in the specificity of the statistical study done on the longitudinal deformations.

SUBMITTER: Hadj-Hamou M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4891339 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Longitudinal Analysis of Image Time Series with Diffeomorphic Deformations: A Computational Framework Based on Stationary Velocity Fields.

Hadj-Hamou Mehdi M Lorenzi Marco M Ayache Nicholas N Pennec Xavier X

Frontiers in neuroscience 20160603

We propose and detail a deformation-based morphometry computational framework, called Longitudinal Log-Demons Framework (LLDF), to estimate the longitudinal brain deformations from image data series, transport them in a common space and perform statistical group-wise analyses. It is based on freely available software and tools, and consists of three main steps: (i) Pre-processing, (ii) Position correction, and (iii) Non-linear deformation analysis. It is based on the LCC log-Demons non-linear sy ...[more]

PMID: 27375408

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Project description:In the context of computational anatomy, one aims at understanding and modelling the anatomy of the brain and its variations across a population. This geometrical variability is often measured from precisely defined anatomical landmarks such as sulcal lines or meshes of brain structures. This requires (1) to compare geometrical objects without introducing too many non realistic priors and (2) to retrieve the variability of the whole brain from the variability of the landmarks. We propose, in this paper, to infer a statistical brain model from the consistent integration of variability of sulcal lines. The similarity between two sets of lines is measured by a distance on currents that does not assume any type of point correspondences and it is not sensitive to the sampling of lines. This shape similarity measure is used in a diffeomorphic registrations which retrieves a single deformation of the whole 3D space. This diffeomorphism integrates the variability of all lines in a as spatially consistent manner as possible. Based on repeated pairwise registrations on a large database, we learn how the mean anatomy varies in a population by computing statistics on diffeomorphisms. Whereas usual methods lead to descriptive measures of variability, such as variability maps or statistical tests, our model is generative: we can simulate new observations according to the learned probability law on deformations. In practice, this variability captured by the model is synthesized in the principal modes of deformations. As a deformation is dense, we can also apply it to other anatomical structures defined in the template space. This is illustrated the action of the principal modes of deformations to a mean cortical surface. Eventually, our current-based diffeomorphic registration (CDR) approach is carefully compared to a pointwise line correspondences (PLC) method. Variability measures are computed with both methods on the same dataset of sulcal lines. The results suggest that we retrieve more variability with CDR than with PLC, especially in the direction of the lines. Other differences also appear which highlight the different methodological assumptions each method is based on.

Project description:Predicting brain aging can help in the early detection and prognosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Longitudinal cohorts of healthy subjects scanned through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been essential to understand the structural brain changes due to aging. However, these cohorts suffer from missing data due to logistic issues in the recruitment of subjects. This paper proposes a methodology for filling up missing data in longitudinal cohorts with anatomically plausible images that capture the subject-specific aging process. The proposed methodology is developed within the framework of diffeomorphic registration. First, two novel modules are introduced within Synthmorph, a fast, state-of-the-art deep learning-based diffeomorphic registration method, to simulate the aging process between the first and last available MRI scan for each subject in three-dimensional (3D). The use of image registration also makes the generated images plausible by construction. Second, we used six image similarity measurements to rearrange the generated images to the specific age range. Finally, we estimated the age of every generated image by using the assumption of linear brain decay in healthy subjects. The methodology was evaluated on 2662 T1-weighted MRI scans from 796 healthy participants from 3 different longitudinal cohorts: Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Open Access Series of Imaging Studies-3, and Group of Neuropsychological Studies of the Canary Islands (GENIC). In total, we generated 7548 images to simulate the access of a scan per subject every 6 months in these cohorts. We evaluated the quality of the synthetic images using six quantitative measurements and a qualitative assessment by an experienced neuroradiologist with state-of-the-art results. The assumption of linear brain decay was accurate in these cohorts (R2 ∈ [.924, .940]). The experimental results show that the proposed methodology can produce anatomically plausible aging predictions that can be used to enhance longitudinal datasets. Compared to deep learning-based generative methods, diffeomorphic registration is more likely to preserve the anatomy of the different structures of the brain, which makes it more appropriate for its use in clinical applications. The proposed methodology is able to efficiently simulate anatomically plausible 3D MRI scans of brain aging of healthy subjects from two images scanned at two different time points.

Dataset Information

Longitudinal Analysis of Image Time Series with Diffeomorphic Deformations: A Computational Framework Based on Stationary Velocity Fields.

Publications

Longitudinal Analysis of Image Time Series with Diffeomorphic Deformations: A Computational Framework Based on Stationary Velocity Fields.

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