Dataset Information

Napping and Nighttime Sleep: Findings From an Occupation-Based Intervention.

ABSTRACT: To describe sleeping behaviors and trends over time among an ethnically diverse group of community-living older adults.A descriptive secondary data analysis of a subsample (n = 217) from the Lifestyle Redesign randomized controlled trial was done to explore baseline napping and sleeping patterns as well as 6-mo changes in these outcomes.At baseline, the average time sleeping was 8.2 hr daily (standard deviation = 1.7). Among all participants, 29% reported daytime napping at baseline, of which 36% no longer napped at follow-up. Among participants who stopped napping, those who received an occupation-based intervention (n = 98) replaced napping time with nighttime sleep, and those not receiving an intervention (n = 119) experienced a net loss of total sleep (p < .05).Among participants who stopped napping, the occupation-based intervention may be related to enhanced sleep. More research examining the role of occupation-based interventions in improving sleep is warranted.

SUBMITTER: Leland NE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4904495 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jul-Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Napping and Nighttime Sleep: Findings From an Occupation-Based Intervention.

Leland Natalie E NE Fogelberg Donald D Sleight Alix A Mallinson Trudy T Vigen Cheryl C Blanchard Jeanine J Carlson Mike M Clark Florence F

The American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association 20160701 4

<h4>Objective</h4>To describe sleeping behaviors and trends over time among an ethnically diverse group of community-living older adults.<h4>Method</h4>A descriptive secondary data analysis of a subsample (n = 217) from the Lifestyle Redesign randomized controlled trial was done to explore baseline napping and sleeping patterns as well as 6-mo changes in these outcomes.<h4>Results</h4>At baseline, the average time sleeping was 8.2 hr daily (standard deviation = 1.7). Among all participants, 29% ...[more]

PMID: 27294991

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Project description:Background & aimsSleep duration has been linked to metabolic dysfunction and chronic inflammation, which may contribute to the development of liver cancer and chronic liver disease (CLD). However, little is known about the relationship between sleep or napping duration and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk and CLD mortality.MethodsWe followed 295,837 individuals in the National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons (NIH-AARP) Diet and Health Study. We examined the associations of nighttime sleep duration and daytime napping duration with risk of HCC incidence and CLD mortality. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).ResultsA total of 357 incident HCC cases and 578 CLD deaths were identified after a median follow-up time of 15.5 years. After adjusting for confounder factors, we found U-shaped associations of nighttime sleep duration with the incidence of HCC (HR<5 vs. 7-8 h = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.22-3.26 and HR≥9 vs. 7-8 h = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.04-2.65) and CLD mortality (HR<5 vs. 7-8 h = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.18-2.69 and HR≥9 vs. 7-8 h = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.35-2.70). Daytime napping was associated with higher risk of HCC (HR≥1 vs. non-nappers = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.04-2.06) and higher CLD mortality (HR≥1 h vs. non-nappers = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.18-2.01) compared with no napping.ConclusionsWe observed U-shaped associations for nighttime sleeping and risk of HCC and CLD mortality. Additionally, longer daytime napping duration was associated with higher risk of HCC and CLD death. Our study suggests that clinical follow up of individuals at risk for liver cancer or living with a liver disease should include information on nighttime and daytime sleep.Impact and implicationsSleep or napping duration may play a role in the development of liver cancer and chronic liver disease, but little is known about the relationship between them. In addition, abnormal sleep patterns in patients with chronic liver disease may further promote the development of liver disease, creating a vicious cycle. Our study suggests that clinical follow up of individuals at risk for liver cancer or living with a liver disease should include information on nighttime and daytime sleep, as they can be potentially important factors in the development and progression of liver disease.

Project description:The timing of the internal circadian clock shows large inter-individual variability across the lifespan. Although the sleep-wakefulness pattern of most toddlers includes an afternoon nap, the association between napping and circadian phase in early childhood remains unexplored. This study examined differences in circadian phase and sleep between napping and non-napping toddlers. Data were collected on 20 toddlers (34.2±2.0 months; 12 females; 15 nappers). Children followed their habitual napping and non-napping sleep schedules (monitored with actigraphy) for 5 days before an in-home salivary dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) assessment. On average, napping children fell asleep during their nap opportunities on 3.6±1.2 of the 5 days before the DLMO assessment. For these napping children, melatonin onset time was 38 min later (p = 0.044; d = 0.93), actigraphically-estimated bedtime was 43 min later (p = 0.014; d = 1.24), sleep onset time was 59 min later (p = 0.006; d = 1.46), and sleep onset latency was 16 min longer (p = 0.030; d = 1.03) than those not napping. Midsleep and wake time did not differ by napping status. No difference was observed in the bedtime, sleep onset, or midsleep phase relationships with DLMO; however, the wake time phase difference was 47 min smaller for napping toddlers (p = 0.029; d = 1.23). On average, nappers had 69 min shorter nighttime sleep durations (p = 0.006; d = 1.47) and spent 49 min less time in bed (p = 0.019; d = 1.16) than non-nappers. Number of days napping was correlated with melatonin onset time (r = 0.49; p = 0.014). Our findings indicate that napping influences individual variability in melatonin onset time in early childhood. The delayed bedtimes of napping toddlers likely permits light exposure later in the evening, thereby delaying the timing of the clock and sleep. Whether the early developmental trajectory of circadian phase involves an advance associated with the decline in napping is a question necessitating longitudinal data as children transition from a biphasic to monophasic sleep-wakefulness pattern.

Project description:ObjectivesTo explore whether daytime napping and sleep duration are linked to serum C reactive protein (CRP), a pro-inflammatory marker, in an older aged British population.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingEuropean Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk study.ParticipantsA total of 5018 men and women aged 48-92 years reported their sleep habits and had serum CRP levels measured.Outcome and measuresCRP was measured (mg/L) during 2006-2011 in fresh blood samples using high-sensitivity methods. Participants reported napping habits during 2002-2004, and reported sleep quantity during 2006-2007. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association between napping and log-transformed CRP, and geometric mean CRP levels were calculated.ResultsAfter adjustment for age and sex, those who reported napping had 10% higher CRP levels compared with those not napping. The association was attenuated but remained borderline significant (β=0.05 (95% CI 0.00 to 0.10)) after further adjustment for social class, education, marital status, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake, self-reported health, pre-existing diseases, systolic blood pressure, hypnotic drug use, depression and in women-only hormone replacement therapy use. The geometric means (95% CI) of CRP levels were 2.38 (2.29 to 2.47) mg/L and 2.26 (2.21 to 2.32) mg/L for those who reported napping and no napping, respectively. A U-shaped association was observed between time spent in bed at night and CRP levels, and nighttime sleep duration was not associated with serum CRP levels. The association between napping and CRP was stronger for older participants, and among extremes of time spent in bed at night.ConclusionsDaytime napping was associated with increased CRP levels in an older aged British population. Further studies are needed to determine whether daytime napping is a cause for systemic inflammation, or if it is a symptom or consequence of underlying health problems.

Dataset Information

Napping and Nighttime Sleep: Findings From an Occupation-Based Intervention.

Publications

Napping and Nighttime Sleep: Findings From an Occupation-Based Intervention.

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