Dataset Information

Effect of Recurrent Selection on Drought Tolerance and Related Morpho-Physiological Traits in Bread Wheat.

ABSTRACT: Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting wheat yield. A recurrent selection program was conducted to improve the drought tolerance and yield of bread wheat using drought tolerant advanced breeding lines from a drought tolerant x susceptible cross (HI 1500 x HUW 510). The parental lines were evaluated for yield, biomass and harvest index (HI) in addition to the drought adaptive traits like Canopy Temperature (CT), chlorophyll content and Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI). After three rounds of recurrent selection, the half sib progenies exhibited a marked reduction in CT, chlorophyll content and biomass; whereas improvement was noted for yield, HI and NDVI. Drought tolerance of the half-sib population appeared enhanced as indicated by drought indices and grain yield. Compared to base population, half-sibs showed better HI, grain filling and a significant (17.1%) increase in grain yield under water stress conditions. Cooler canopies and increased early vigour might have contributed to drought tolerance. A favourable combination of gibberellin sensitive and insensitive Rhtalleles was observed in the recombinant progenies. However, increased yield under water stress had a negative trade off in reduction of biomass. The study also identified potential lines with high yield and drought tolerance for subsequent varietal development for water limited areas.

SUBMITTER: P R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4907515 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of Recurrent Selection on Drought Tolerance and Related Morpho-Physiological Traits in Bread Wheat.

P Ramya R Singh Gyanendra Pratap GP Jain Neelu N Singh Pradeep Kumar PK Pandey Manoj Kumar MK Sharma Kavita K Kumar Arun A Harikrishna Prabhu Kumble Vinod KV

PloS one 20160614 6

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting wheat yield. A recurrent selection program was conducted to improve the drought tolerance and yield of bread wheat using drought tolerant advanced breeding lines from a drought tolerant x susceptible cross (HI 1500 x HUW 510). The parental lines were evaluated for yield, biomass and harvest index (HI) in addition to the drought adaptive traits like Canopy Temperature (CT), chlorophyll content and Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) ...[more]

PMID: 27300000

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Project description:Drought is one of the most prominent limiting factors that negatively affect crop productivity by manipulating its physiological pathway. One hundred twenty diverse bread wheat genotypes were used in a pot experiment to explore the relationship among their fifteen physio-biochemical traits (PBT) by using multivariate analysis, heatmapping and stress tolerance index (STI) for grain yield as a marker trait to identify high yielding genotype with maximum stress tolerance capability. Increased proline and sugar accumulation were observed from control to moisture deficient environments by 159% and 122%, respectively. Moreover, leaf membrane stability index (LMSI), leaf relative water content (LRWC), relative dry weight (RDW), chlorophyll content, leaf surface area (LSA), Leaf succulence (LS), canopy temperature depression (CTD), relative excised leaf water loss (RELWL) and leaf osmotic potential (LOP) showed significantly decreasing trend in drought stress treatment as compared to well-watered plants by -21%, -21%, -34%, -22%, -38%, -37%, -46%, -18% and -35% respectively. Additionally, principal component analysis and genotype by trait biplot analysis showed that initial 7 principal components (PC1 to PC7) represented 77.27% and 79.02% of total cumulative variation under control and drought stress respectively. Genotypic-Phenotypic correlation revealed that most of the attributes were higher in case of genotypic correlation component (rg) as compared to the phenotypic correlation component (rp) indicating more genetic association between traits. The darker and lighter colour scale produced by heatmap exhibited contrasting nature of genotypes, as positive side with higher values represented drought resistance while values on the negative side with lower values showed susceptible performance of genotypes. Our results concluded that the studied PBT associated with STI for grain yield are the main factors which may contribute in improved productivity of wheat crop and if these traits show appropriate performance under stress condition the crop will show the more productive returns under changing climate.

Project description:Drought stress is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting lint yield and fibre quality in cotton. With increase in population, degrading natural resources and frequent drought occurrences, development of high yielding, drought tolerant cotton cultivars is critical for sustainable cotton production across countries. Six Gossypium hirsutum genotypes identified for drought tolerance, wider adaptability and better fibre quality traits were characterized for various morpho-physiological and biochemical characters and their molecular basis was investigated under drought stress. Under drought conditions, genotypes revealed statistically significant differences for all the morpho-physiological and biochemical traits. The interaction (genotype × treatment) effects were highly significant for root length, excised leaf water loss and cell membrane thermostability indicating differential interaction of genotypes under control and stress conditions. Correlation studies revealed that under drought stress, relative water content had significant positive correlation with root length and root-to-shoot ratio while it had significant negative correlation with excised leaf water loss, epicuticular wax, proline, potassium and total soluble sugar content. Analysis of expression of fourteen drought stress related genes under water stress indicated that both ABA dependent and ABA independent mechanisms of drought tolerance might be operating differentially in the studied genotypes. IC325280 and LRA5166 exhibited ABA mediated expression of stress responsive genes and traits. Molecular basis of drought tolerance in IC357406, Suraj, IC259637 and CNH 28I genotypes could be attributed to ABA independent pathway. Based on physiological phenotyping, the genotypes IC325280 and IC357406 were identified to possess better root traits and LRA5166 was found to have enhanced cellular level tolerance. Variety Suraj exhibited good osmotic adjustment and better root traits to withstand water stress. The identified drought component trait(s) in specific genotypes would pave way for their pyramiding through marker assisted cotton breeding.

Project description:The inconsistent prevalence of abiotic stress in most of the agroecosystems can be addressed through deployment of plant material with stress adaptive plasticity. The present study explores water stress induced plasticity for early root-shoot development, proline induction and cell membrane injury in 57 accessions of Aegilops tauschii (DD-genome) and 26 accessions of Triticum dicoccoides (AABB-genome) along with durum and bread wheat cultivars. Thirty three Ae. tauschii accessions and 18 T. dicoccoides accessions showed an increase in root dry weight (ranging from 1.8 to 294.75%) under water stress. Shoot parameters- length and biomass, by and large were suppressed by water stress, but genotypes with stress adaptive plasticity leading to improvement of shoot traits (e.g., Ae tauschii accession 14191 and T. dicoccoides accession 7130) could be identified. Water stress induced active responses, rather than passive repartitioning of biomass was indicated by better shoot growth in seedlings of genotypes with enhanced root growth under stress. Membrane injury seemed to work as a trigger to activate water stress adaptive cellular machinery and was found positively correlated with several root-shoot based adaptive responses in seedlings. Stress induced proline accumulation in leaf tissue showed marked inter- and intra-specific genetic variation but hardly any association with stress adaptive plasticity. Genotypic variation for early stage plasticity traits viz., change in root dry weight, shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and membrane injury positively correlated with grain weight based stress tolerance index (r = 0.267, r = 0.404, r = 0.299, r = 0.526, and r = 0.359, respectively). In another such trend, adaptive seedling plasticity correlated positively with resistance to early flowering under stress (r = 0.372 with membrane injury, r = 0.286 with change in root length, r = 0.352 with change in shoot length, r = 0.268 with change in shoot dry weight). Overall, Ae. tauschii accessions 9816, 14109, 14128, and T. dicoccoides accessions 5259 and 7130 were identified as potential donors of stress adaptive plasticity. The prospect of the study for molecular marker tagging, cloning of plasticity genes and creation of elite synthetic hexaploid donors is discussed.

Dataset Information

Effect of Recurrent Selection on Drought Tolerance and Related Morpho-Physiological Traits in Bread Wheat.

Publications

Effect of Recurrent Selection on Drought Tolerance and Related Morpho-Physiological Traits in Bread Wheat.

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