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Colorimetric Evaluation of the Viability of the Microalga Dunaliella Salina as a Test Tool for Nanomaterial Toxicity.

ABSTRACT: A diagnostic test system was developed to determine the toxicity of nanomaterials to the saltwater microalga Dunaliella salina through evaluation of cell death and changes in the culture growth rate at various toxicant concentrations, providing LC50 and other toxicological metrics. The viability of cells was shown to decrease with decreasing chlorophyll absorption of red light by damaged cells. This correlation was confirmed by independent fluorescence microscopic measurements of live and dead cells in the population. Two standard colorless pollutants, hydrogen peroxide and formaldehyde, were used to validate the colorimetric method. The method's performance is exemplified with three Ag-containing preparations (Ag nitrate, Ag proteinate, and 20-nm Ag nanoparticles) and with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) mixed with colloidal 15-nm Au and 20-nm Ag nanoparticles. The toxicity of the Ag-containing preparations to D. salina decreased in the order Ag nitrate ? Ag proteinate???colloidal Ag. The toxicity of colloidal Au-CTAB mixtures was found to depend mostly on the content of free CTAB. The toxicity of colloidal Ag increased substantially in the presence of CTAB. The results suggest that our D. salina-based colorimetric test system can be used for simple and rapid preliminary screening of the toxicity of different nanomaterials.

SUBMITTER: Golubev AA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4914795 | biostudies-literature | 2016 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Colorimetric Evaluation of the Viability of the Microalga Dunaliella Salina as a Test Tool for Nanomaterial Toxicity.

Golubev Alexander A AA Prilepskii Artur Y AY Dykman Lev A LA Khlebtsov Nikolai G NG Bogatyrev Vladimir A VA

Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 20160210 1

A diagnostic test system was developed to determine the toxicity of nanomaterials to the saltwater microalga Dunaliella salina through evaluation of cell death and changes in the culture growth rate at various toxicant concentrations, providing LC50 and other toxicological metrics. The viability of cells was shown to decrease with decreasing chlorophyll absorption of red light by damaged cells. This correlation was confirmed by independent fluorescence microscopic measurements of live and dead c ...[more]

PMID: 26865664

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Recent years have witnessed a rising trend in exploring microalgae for valuable carotenoid products as the demand for lutein and many other carotenoids in global markets has increased significantly. In green microalgae lutein is a major carotenoid protecting cellular components from damage incurred by reactive oxygen species under stress conditions. In this study, we investigated the effects of abiotic stressors on lutein accumulation in a strain of the marine microalga D. salina which had been selected for growth under stress conditions of combined blue and red lights by adaptive laboratory evolution. RESULTS: Nitrate concentration, salinity and light quality were selected as three representative influencing factors and their impact on lutein production in batch cultures of D. salina was evaluated using response surface analysis. D. salina was found to be more tolerant to hyper-osmotic stress than to hypo-osmotic stress which caused serious cell damage and death in a high proportion of cells while hyper-osmotic stress increased the average cell size of D. salina only slightly. Two models were developed to explain how lutein productivity depends on the stress factors and for predicting the optimal conditions for lutein productivity. Among the three stress variables for lutein production, stronger interactions were found between nitrate concentration and salinity than between light quality and the other two. The predicted optimal conditions for lutein production were close to the original conditions used for adaptive evolution of D. salina. This suggests that the conditions imposed during adaptive evolution may have selected for the growth optima arrived at. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that systematic evaluation of the relationship between abiotic environmental stresses and lutein biosynthesis can help to decipher the key parameters in obtaining high levels of lutein productivity in D. salina. This study may benefit future stress-driven adaptive laboratory evolution experiments and a strategy of applying stress in a step-wise manner can be suggested for a rational design of experiments.

Dataset Information

Colorimetric Evaluation of the Viability of the Microalga Dunaliella Salina as a Test Tool for Nanomaterial Toxicity.

Publications

Colorimetric Evaluation of the Viability of the Microalga Dunaliella Salina as a Test Tool for Nanomaterial Toxicity.

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