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A novel visualization technique for measuring liquid diffusion coefficient based on asymmetric liquid-core cylindrical lens.

ABSTRACT: A visualization and quantification optical method for measuring binary liquid diffusion coefficient (D) based on an asymmetric liquid-core cylindrical lens (ALCL) is introduced in this paper. Four groups of control experiments were performed to verify the influences of diffusing substance category, concentration and temperature on diffusion process, and the measured D values were well consistent with data measured by Holographic interferometry and Taylor dispersion methods. The drifting of the diffusion image recorded by CCD reflects the diffusion rate visually in an easily understandable way. This optical method for measuring D values based on the ALCL is characterized by visual measurement, simplified device, and easy operation, which provides a new way for measuring liquid D value visually.

SUBMITTER: Sun L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4915026 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A novel visualization technique for measuring liquid diffusion coefficient based on asymmetric liquid-core cylindrical lens.

Sun Licun L Pu Xiaoyun X

Scientific reports 20160621

A visualization and quantification optical method for measuring binary liquid diffusion coefficient (D) based on an asymmetric liquid-core cylindrical lens (ALCL) is introduced in this paper. Four groups of control experiments were performed to verify the influences of diffusing substance category, concentration and temperature on diffusion process, and the measured D values were well consistent with data measured by Holographic interferometry and Taylor dispersion methods. The drifting of the d ...[more]

PMID: 27325006

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Project description:BackgroundThe invasion depth of endometrial cancer is one of the most important prognosis factors. The aim of the current study was to investigate the diagnostic value of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the peritumoral zone for assessing the infiltration depth of endometrial cancer.MethodsAn institutional review board approved this prospective study, and all study participants provided informed consent. A total of 58 patients (mean age 54 ± 8.3 years, range 34-69 years) with endometrial cancer were prospectively enrolled. Two radiologists assessed all preoperative magnetic resonance images with T1, T2, and diffusion-weighted imaging, and determined the location of the deepest invasion of the tumor. The peritumoral zone was defined as a 5-mm-thick zone surrounding and adjacent to the cancerous endometrium. The mean ADC (ADCm) values of the tumor and the peritumoral zone were measured. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (Az) were calculated for visual inspection, and an ADC cutoff value for the peri-endometrial zone was determined for predicting the myometrial invasion depth.ResultsThe ADCm values of tumors and peritumoral zones were 0.83 × 10- 3 mm2/sec and 1.06 × 10- 3 mm2/sec, respectively. There was no significant difference between the ADCm values of the tumors in the superficial and deep myometrial invasion groups (P > 0.05). However, the ADCm value at the peritumoral zone in the deep myometrial invasion group (1.23 × 10- 3 mm2/sec) significantly differed from that in the superficial myometrial invasion group (0.99 × 10- 3 mm2/sec) (p = 0.005). In assessments of deep myometrial invasion, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value were 0.58, 0.93, 0.84, and 0.77, respectively, for the ADCm cutoff value of the peritumoral zone, and 0.71, 0.80, 0.87, and 0.60. respectively, for visual inspection. The accuracy of myometrial invasion depth assessment using the ADCm cutoff value and visual inspection were 83 and 78%, respectively. The Az for both was 0.76.ConclusionADCm at the peritumoral zone can predict deep myometrial invasion of endometrial cancer. This value can therefore enhance confidence in preoperative endometrial cancer evaluation, and when tailoring surgical approaches.

Project description:PurposeTo characterize the diffusion coefficient of human blood for accurate results in intravoxel incoherent motion imaging.MethodsDiffusion-weighted MRI of blood samples from 10 healthy volunteers was acquired with a single-shot echo-planar-imaging sequence at body temperature. Effects of gradient profile (monopolar or flow-compensated), diffusion time (40-100 ms), and echo time (60-200 ms) were investigated.ResultsAlthough measured apparent diffusion coefficients of blood were larger for flow-compensated than for monopolar gradients, no dependence of the apparent diffusion coefficient on the diffusion time was found. Large differences between individual samples were observed, with results ranging from 1.26 to 1.66 µm2 /ms for flow-compensated and 0.94 to 1.52 µm2 /ms for monopolar gradients. Statistical analysis indicates correlations of the flow-compensated apparent diffusion coefficient with hematocrit (P = 0.007) and hemoglobin (P = 0.017), but not with mean corpuscular volume (P = 0.64). Results of Monte-Carlo simulations support the experimental observations.ConclusionsMeasured blood apparent diffusion coefficient values depend on hematocrit/hemoglobin concentration and applied gradient profile due to non-Gaussian diffusion. Because in vivo measurement is delicate, an estimation based on blood count results could be an alternative. For intravoxel incoherent motion modeling, the use of a blood self-diffusion constant Db = 1.54 ± 0.12 µm2 /ms for flow-compensated and Db = 1.30 ± 0.18 µm2 /ms for monopolar encoding is suggested. Magn Reson Med 79:2752-2758, 2018. © 2017 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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A novel visualization technique for measuring liquid diffusion coefficient based on asymmetric liquid-core cylindrical lens.

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A novel visualization technique for measuring liquid diffusion coefficient based on asymmetric liquid-core cylindrical lens.

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