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Nilotinib is associated with a reduced incidence of BCR-ABL mutations vs imatinib in patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase.

ABSTRACT: In patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR-ABL mutations contribute to resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. We examined the occurrence of treatment-emergent mutations and their impact on response in patients from the ENESTnd phase 3 trial. At the 3-year data cutoff, mutations were detected in approximately twice as many patients (21) on imatinib 400 mg once daily as on nilotinib (11 patients each on nilotinib 300 mg twice daily and nilotinib 400 mg twice daily). The majority of mutations occurred in patients with intermediate or high Sokal scores. Most mutations (14 [66.7%]) emerging during imatinib treatment were imatinib-resistant and nilotinib-sensitive. Incidence of the T315I mutation was low (found in 3, 2, and 3 patients on nilotinib 300 mg twice daily, nilotinib 400 mg twice daily, and imatinib, respectively) and mostly occurred in patients with high Sokal scores. Of the patients with emergent mutations, 1 of 11, 2 of 11, and 7 of 21 patients on nilotinib 300 mg twice daily, nilotinib 400 mg twice daily, and imatinib, respectively, progressed to accelerated phase/blast crisis (AP/BC) on treatment. Overall, nilotinib led to fewer treatment-emergent BCR-ABL mutations than imatinib and reduced rates of progression to AP/BC in patients with these mutations. (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00471497).

SUBMITTER: Hochhaus A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4915803 | biostudies-literature | 2013 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Nilotinib is associated with a reduced incidence of BCR-ABL mutations vs imatinib in patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase.

Hochhaus Andreas A Saglio Giuseppe G Larson Richard A RA Kim Dong-Wook DW Etienne Gabriel G Rosti Gianantonio G De Souza Carmino C Kurokawa Mineo M Kalaycio Matt E ME Hoenekopp Albert A Fan Xiaolin X Shou Yaping Y Kantarjian Hagop M HM Hughes Timothy P TP

Blood 20130315 18

In patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR-ABL mutations contribute to resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. We examined the occurrence of treatment-emergent mutations and their impact on response in patients from the ENESTnd phase 3 trial. At the 3-year data cutoff, mutations were detected in approximately twice as many patients (21) on imatinib 400 mg once daily as on nilotinib (11 patients each on nilotinib 300 mg twice daily and nilotinib 400 mg twice daily). The majority of m ...[more]

PMID: 23502220

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Project description:BACKGROUND: BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations are infrequently detected in newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Recent studies indicate the presence of pre-existing BCR-ABL mutations in a higher percentage of CML patients when CD34+ stem/progenitor cells are investigated using sensitive techniques, and these mutations are associated with imatinib resistance and disease progression. However, such studies were limited to smaller number of patients. METHODS: We investigated BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations in CD34+ cells from 100 chronic-phase CML patients by multiplex allele-specific PCR and sequencing at diagnosis. Mutations were re-investigated upon manifestation of imatinib resistance using allele-specific PCR and direct sequencing of BCR-ABL kinase domain. RESULTS: Pre-existing BCR-ABL mutations were detected in 32/100 patients and included F311L, M351T, and T315I. After a median follow-up of 30 months (range 8-48), all patients with pre-existing BCR-ABL mutations exhibited imatinib resistance. Of the 68 patients without pre-existing BCR-ABL mutations, 24 developed imatinib resistance; allele-specific PCR and BCR-ABL kinase domain sequencing detected mutations in 22 of these patients. All 32 patients with pre-existing BCR-ABL mutations had the same mutations after manifestation of imatinib-resistance. In imatinib-resistant patients without pre-existing BCR-ABL mutations, we detected F311L, M351T, Y253F, and T315I mutations. All imatinib-resistant patients except T315I and Y253F mutations responded to imatinib dose escalation. CONCLUSION: Pre-existing BCR-ABL mutations can be detected in a substantial number of chronic-phase CML patients by sensitive allele-specific PCR technique using CD34+ cells. These mutations are associated with imatinib resistance if affecting drug binding directly or indirectly. After the recent approval of nilotinib, dasatinib, bosutinib and ponatinib for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia along with imatinib, all of which vary in their effectiveness against mutated BCR-ABL forms, detection of pre-existing BCR-ABL mutations can help in selection of appropriate first-line drug therapy. Thus, mutation testing using CD34+ cells may facilitate improved, patient-tailored treatment.

Dataset Information

Nilotinib is associated with a reduced incidence of BCR-ABL mutations vs imatinib in patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase.

Publications

Nilotinib is associated with a reduced incidence of BCR-ABL mutations vs imatinib in patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase.

Similar Datasets

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